Success & Scale in a Data-Producing Organization: The Socio-Technical Evolution of OpenStreetMap in Response to Humanitarian Events
Success & Scale in a Data-Producing Organization: The Socio-Technical Evolution of OpenStreetMap in Response to Humanitarian Events
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DOI：
10.1145/2702123.2702294
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mario Barrenechea
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Palen;R. Soden;T. J. Anderson;Mario Barrenechea
OpenStreetMap(OSM)是一个志愿者驱动的全球分布的组织，其成员致力于创建一个通用的世界数字地图。OSM拥护开放数据的理念，为此在社会和技术上都进行了创新，以开发协调运作的实践和过程。本文简要介绍了OSM的历史，然后通过对OSM数据库和其他衔接工作地点的定量和定性检查，通过引发巨大人道主义救援反应的两场灾难--2010年海地地震和2013年台风尤兰达--审查了组织的增长。时间和地理上受限的事件范围分析是一个迅速成熟的全球行动。第一场灾难确定了OSM如何支持其他组织应对这一事件。然而，为了实现这一点，OSM必须完善围绕地图创建的协作机制，这在台风尤兰达中再次得到测试。这两个事件之间的工作转变为大型数据生产在线组织的组织发展提供了洞察力。
OpenStreetMap (OSM) is a volunteer-driven, globally distributed organization whose members work to create a common digital map of the world. OSM embraces ideals of open data, and to that end innovates both socially and technically to develop practices and processes for coordinated operation. This paper provides a brief history of OSM and then, through quantitative and qualitative examination of the OSM database and other sites of articulation work, examines organizational growth through the lens of two catastrophes that spurred enormous humanitarian relief responses-the 2010 Haiti Earthquake and the 2013 Typhoon Yolanda. The temporally- and geographically- constrained events scope analysis for what is a rapidly maturing, whole-planet operation. The first disaster identified how OSM could support other organizations responding to the event. However, to achieve this, OSM has had to refine mechanisms of collaboration around map creation, which were tested again in Typhoon Yolanda. The transformation of work between these two events yields insights into the organizational development of large, data-producing online organizations.