R.A. Fisher and his advocacy of randomization
R.A. Fisher and his advocacy of randomization
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DOI：
10.1007/s10739-006-9119-z
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
Hall, Nancy S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hall, Nancy S.
实验设计中对随机化的要求是由统计学家和遗传学家R. A. 费希尔在1925年他的《研究工作者的统计方法》一书中首次提出的。早期的设计是系统性的，且涉及实验者的判断；这可能导致偏差以及对数据的不准确解读。费希尔的名言是随机化可消除偏差，并允许进行有效的显著性检验。1885年查尔斯·桑德斯·皮尔士在实验中就使用过随机化，但这种做法没有延续下去。费希尔在与威廉·西利·戈塞特（“学生”）讨论小样本的数学问题时，发展了他的随机化概念。费希尔著作颇丰。他的实验设计原则通过许多来自其他机构到英国洛桑农业试验站学习费希尔方法的“志愿者”传播到了世界各地。
The requirement of randomization in experimental design was first stated by R. A. Fisher, statistician and geneticist, in 1925 in his book Statistical Methods for Research Workers. Earlier designs were systematic and involved the judgment of the experimenter; this led to possible bias and inaccurate interpretation of the data. Fisher's dictum was that randomization eliminates bias and permits a valid test of significance. Randomization in experimenting had been used by Charles Sanders Peirce in 1885 but the practice was not continued. Fisher developed his concepts of randomizing as he considered the mathematics of small samples, in discussions with "Student," William Sealy Gosset. Fisher published extensively. His principles of experimental design were spread worldwide by the many "voluntary workers" who came from other institutions to Rothamsted Agricultural Station in England to learn Fisher's methods.