Differentiated legitimacy, differentiated resilience: beyond the natural in 'natural disasters'
Differentiated legitimacy, differentiated resilience: beyond the natural in 'natural disasters'
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差异化合法性、差异化复原力：“自然灾害”中超越自然
DOI：
10.1080/03066150.2016.1193011
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Harrison E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harrison E
本文从马拉维南部的一场洪水说起。尽管这显然是一个“自然”事件，但受影响最严重的人认为，附近一个灌溉计划的修复使情况变得更糟。我们用这个例子从政治生态学和政治经济学的角度来询问当前对弹性的兴趣，认为对弹性的关注不应该以理解形成脆弱性的条件为代价，包括“社区”的区分方式。复杂的因素在起作用，而这些因素结合起来的方式可能会导致一些个人和家庭的“完美风暴”。这些因素包括历史与种族相结合的影响，合法性影响声音的影响，以及不同层次的政治动态的相互作用。特别是，商品化的过程在决定一些人如何以对其他人造成灾难性伤害为代价而获益方面发挥了重要作用。
This paper starts with a flood in southern Malawi. Although apparently a ‘natural’ event, those most affected argued that it was made much worse by the rehabilitation of a nearby irrigation scheme. We use this example to interrogate the current interest in resilience from a perspective informed by political ecology and political economy, arguing that a focus on resilience should not be at the expense of understanding the conditions that shape vulnerability, including the ways in which ‘communities’ are differentiated. Complex factors are at play – and the ways in which these combine can result in a ‘perfect storm’ for some individuals and households. These factors include the effects of history combining with ethnicity, of legitimacy influencing voice, and of the interplay of political dynamics at different levels. In particular, processes of commodification have played an important role in shaping how some may benefit at the cost of catastrophic harm to others.