Molecular evidence of genetic diversity changes in pea (Pisum sativum L.) germplasm after long-term maintenance
Molecular evidence of genetic diversity changes in pea (Pisum sativum L.) germplasm after long-term maintenance
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DOI：
10.1007/s10722-010-9591-3
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发表时间：
2011-03-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Griga, Miroslav
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cieslarova, Jaroslava;Smykal, Petr;Griga, Miroslav
保持种质遗传完整性是长期迁地保护的关键目标。在有限的地块上进行的周期性更新，个体数量少，增加了遗传漂变和遗传多样性变化的风险。本研究以6份白色花干种子豌豆品种（PisumsativumL.）亚种大蒜变种sativum）：BohatA 1/2 r、KlatovskA 1/2 zelenA 1/2、哈纳克、MoravskA 1/2 hrotovickA 1/2 krajovA 1/2、拉曼和维多利亚-75和4份彩色花饲料豌豆（P. sativum subsp.大蒜变种arvense（L.）波瓦雷：利用10个微卫星位点特异性标记对代表捷克斯洛伐克近40-80年育成的品种和地方品种的阿尔维卡、eskA 1/2 banan、Moravska krajova和Nik进行了分析。每个加入由两个时间上不同的样品的20个单独的种子代表，跨越20或40年的时间。加上加入内变异（CV除外）。哈纳克），在10份材料中的6份（阿尔维卡、BohatA 1/2 r、eskA 1/2 banan、MoravskA 1/2 hrotovickA 1/2 krajovA 1/2、Moravska krajova和拉曼）中检测到遗传变化的证据，例如等位基因频率以及样品遗传组成的差异。遗传侵蚀的证据被发现在三个加入（eskA 1/2 banan，MoravskA 1/2 hrotovickA 1/2 krajovA 1/2和拉曼），而在另外三个（阿尔维卡，BohatA 1/2 r和Moravska krajova）的多样性水平被发现增加。此外，在BohatA 1/2 r（2004）和KlatovskA 1/2 zelenA 1/2（1963和2004）的三个样品中，检测到低水平的杂合性。这些结果表明，在豌豆，自花授粉和高度纯合的植物，遗传完整性的损失的危险存在。这些发现对长期的异地种质管理具有重要意义。
Maintaining germplasm genetic integrity is a key objective of long-term ex situ conservation. Periodic regeneration, performed on limited plots with small number of individuals, increases the risk of genetic drift and genetic diversity changes. In this study, six accessions of white flowered, dry seed pea varieties (Pisum sativum L. subsp. sativum var. sativum): BohatA1/2r, KlatovskA1/2 zelenA1/2, Hanak, MoravskA1/2 hrotovickA1/2 krajovA1/2, Raman and Viktoria-75 and four accessions of colour flowered, fodder pea (P. sativum subsp. sativum var. arvense (L.) Poiret: Arvika, eskA1/2 banan, Moravska krajova and Nik,, representing Czechoslovak varieties and landraces, bred over the last 40-80 years, were analyzed using ten microsatellite locus specific markers. Each accession was represented by 20 individual seeds of two temporally different samples, spanning the period of 20 or 40 years. Together with intra-accession variation (except of cv. Hanak), evidence of genetic changes, e.g. differences in allele frequencies as well as genetic composition of sample, was detected in six out of ten accessions (Arvika, BohatA1/2r, eskA1/2 banan, MoravskA1/2 hrotovickA1/2 krajovA1/2, Moravska krajova and Raman). Evidence of genetic erosion was found in three accessions (eskA1/2 banan, MoravskA1/2 hrotovickA1/2 krajovA1/2 and Raman), while in another three (Arvika, BohatA1/2r and Moravska krajova) the level of diversity was found to have increased. Moreover in three samples of BohatA1/2r (2004) and KlatovskA1/2 zelenA1/2 (1963 and 2004), low levels of heterozygosity was detected. These results demonstrate that in pea, a self-pollinating and highly homozygous plant, the danger of the loss of genetic integrity exists. These findings are significant for long-term ex situ germplasm management.