Assembly processes of gastropod community change with horizontal and vertical zonation in ancient Lake Ohrid: a metacommunity speciation perspective
Assembly processes of gastropod community change with horizontal and vertical zonation in ancient Lake Ohrid: a metacommunity speciation perspective
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DOI：
10.5194/bg-13-2901-2016
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发表时间：
2016-05
期刊：
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
T. Hauffe;C. Albrecht;T. Wilke
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Hauffe;C. Albrecht;T. Wilke
抽象的。巴尔干半岛的奥赫里德湖是欧洲最古老和最多样化的淡水湖系统。然而，目前还不清楚物种群落的组成，以及其特有类群的多样化，主要是由扩散限制，环境过滤，或物种的相互作用。这就需要一个整体的观点，涉及到进化过程和生态动态，提供了统一的框架的“元生态物种形成模型”。目前的研究使用物种丰富的模式分类腹足类，以评估如何在奥赫里德湖现存的社区结构进行基于过程的metachtability分析。具体而言，该研究旨在（1）确定三个社区组装过程的相对重要性和（2）测试这些单独的过程的重要性是否随着湖泊深度逐渐变化或不连续的生态区转移。基于自动生态区检测和特定过程的模拟步骤，我们证明了扩散限制对腹足类群落组成的影响最大。然而，它不是唯一的组装过程，而是与其他两个过程-环境过滤和物种相互作用共同作用的。群落组装过程的相对重要性随湖泊深度和生态区的变化而变化，但后者能更好地预测群落组装过程。这表明，环境特征有一个显着的影响，塑造腹足类群落通过组装过程。此外，该研究证实了扩散限制对于保持奥赫里德湖物种丰富度（通过其对群落组成的影响）和产生地方性生物多样性（通过其对多样化进程的影响）的高度重要性。然而，根据metacompatibility形态形成模型，推断的重要性，环境过滤和生物相互作用也表明一个小，但显着的影响生态形态。这些发现有助于奥赫里德湖过去物种形成条件科学合作（SCOPSCO）深钻倡议的主要目标-推断生物进化的驱动因素-并可能提供一个综合的角度来看，在古奥赫里德湖的生物和湖沼动态。
Abstract. The Balkan Lake Ohrid is the oldest and most diverse freshwater lacustrine system in Europe. However, it remains unclear whether species community composition, as well as the diversification of its endemic taxa, is mainly driven by dispersal limitation, environmental filtering, or species interaction. This calls for a holistic perspective involving both evolutionary processes and ecological dynamics, as provided by the unifying framework of the “metacommunity speciation model”. The current study used the species-rich model taxon Gastropoda to assess how extant communities in Lake Ohrid are structured by performing process-based metacommunity analyses. Specifically, the study aimed (1) to identifying the relative importance of the three community assembly processes and (2) to test whether the importance of these individual processes changes gradually with lake depth or discontinuously with eco-zone shifts. Based on automated eco-zone detection and process-specific simulation steps, we demonstrated that dispersal limitation had the strongest influence on gastropod community composition. However, it was not the exclusive assembly process, but acted together with the other two processes – environmental filtering and species interaction. The relative importance of the community assembly processes varied both with lake depth and eco-zones, though the processes were better predicted by the latter. This suggests that environmental characteristics have a pronounced effect on shaping gastropod communities via assembly processes. Moreover, the study corroborated the high importance of dispersal limitation for both maintaining species richness in Lake Ohrid (through its impact on community composition) and generating endemic biodiversity (via its influence on diversification processes). However, according to the metacommunity speciation model, the inferred importance of environmental filtering and biotic interaction also suggests a small but significant influence of ecological speciation. These findings contribute to the main goal of the Scientific Collaboration on Past Speciation Conditions in Lake Ohrid (SCOPSCO) deep drilling initiative – inferring the drivers of biotic evolution – and might provide an integrative perspective on biological and limnological dynamics in ancient Lake Ohrid.