Resilient flood risk strategies: institutional preconditions for implementation
Resilient flood risk strategies: institutional preconditions for implementation
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弹性洪水风险战略：实施的制度前提
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
E. Kelder
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Gersonius;A. Buuren;M. Zethof;E. Kelder
人们日益认识到，增强抗御力是适应的另一个目标。这通常涉及加强应对气候变化影响的准备和能力。在洪水风险实践中，抗灾战略的重点是通过更好的预防和准备来减少洪水的影响。这些战略不仅将降低现有的风险水平，而且还可以使社会生态系统在极端洪水事件中更加强大。这是因为他们试图防止对系统的影响，如果没有外部帮助，恢复是非常困难的。除此之外，复原力战略增加了实现共同效益的前景，特别是在空间范围内选择措施时。然而，实施抗灾战略面临许多困难，特别是在荷兰和波兰等国家，这些国家普遍的治理安排旨在促进抗灾战略，专门侧重于防洪。我们分析了这些实施困难的多尔德雷赫特岛，这是一个领先的情况下，在荷兰的弹性洪水风险治理。利用基于治理安排相关问题的理论框架来反思已查明的差距和障碍。虽然所有问题都在案例研究中发挥了作用，但似乎没有通用的体制设计参数必须适用于执行复原战略。即使在目前的体制制度下，也有可能找到实施弹性战略的方法。更普遍的体制先决条件与允许合作和试验以及能够更灵活地使用现行原则和规则的政治意愿有关。
textabstractThere is a growing recognition of resilience enhancement as an additional objective for adaptation. This will typically involve enhancing the preparedness and capacity to respond to the impacts of climate change. Within flood risk practice, resilient strategies focus on reducing impacts from flooding through better prevention and preparedness. Such strategies will not only reduce existing risk levels, but could also make the social-ecological system more robust for extreme flood events. This is because they seek to prevent those impacts on the system from which recovery is extremely difficult without outside help. Besides that, resilient strategies increase the prospect for the realization of cobenefits, particularly when measures are selected within the spatial domain. Implementing resilient strategies, however, faces many difficulties, particularly in countries like the Netherlands and Poland where prevalent governance arrangements are aimed to facilitate resistant strategies, focusing exclusively on flood protection. We analyzed these implementation difficulties for the Island of Dordrecht, which is a front-runner case of resilient flood risk governance in the Netherlands. A theoretical framework based on relevant issues regarding governance arrangements was used to reflect on the identified gaps and barriers. Although all issues played a role in the case study, there seem to be no generic institutional design parameters that have to be applied for implementing resilient strategies. Even in the current institutional regime, it is possible to find ways of implementing a resilient strategy. The more general institutional precondition has to do with the political willingness to allow for collaboration and experimentation and to enable a more flexible use of current principles and rules.