Association of dopamine transporter reduction with psychomotor impairment in methamphetamine abusers
Association of dopamine transporter reduction with psychomotor impairment in methamphetamine abusers
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DOI：
10.1176/appi.ajp.158.3.377
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发表时间：
2001-03-01
影响因子：
17.7
通讯作者：
Miller, EN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Volkow, ND;Chang, L;Miller, EN
目的：甲基苯丙胺是一种流行且高度成瘾的滥用药物，由于在实验室动物中显示其对多巴胺末梢具有神经毒性，因此引起了人们的关注。作者评估了类似的变化是否发生在人类和评估，如果他们是functionalsignificant.Method：正电子发射断层扫描后，管理[C-11] D-苏型-哌甲酯（多巴胺转运蛋白配体）测量多巴胺转运蛋白水平（多巴胺细胞终端的标记）在大脑中的15个脱毒甲基苯丙胺滥用者和18个比较科目。神经心理学测试也进行了评估运动和认知function.Results：甲基苯丙胺滥用者表现出显着的多巴胺转运体减少纹状体（平均差异27.8%的尾状核和21.1%的壳核）相对于比较科目，这种减少是显而易见的，即使在滥用者已戒毒至少11个月。多巴胺转运蛋白减少与电机减慢和记忆implementation.Conclusions：这些结果提供的证据表明，甲基苯丙胺的剂量水平，由人类滥用药物导致多巴胺转运蛋白减少，与电机和认知障碍。这些结果强调了提醒临床医生和公众甲基苯丙胺可以在人类大脑中引起的长期变化的紧迫性。
Objective: Methamphetamine is a popular and highly addictive drug of abuse that has raised concerns because it has been shown in laboratory animals to be neurotoxic to dopamine terminals. The authors evaluated if similar changes occur in humans and assessed if they were functionally significant.Method: Positron emission tomography scans following administration of [C-11]d-threo-methyl phenidate (a dopamine transporter ligand) measured dopamine transporter levels (a marker of dopamine cell terminals) in the brains of 15 detoxified methamphetamine abusers and 18 comparison subjects. Neuropsychological tests were also performed to assess motor and cognitive function.Results: Methamphetamine abusers showed significant dopamine transporter reduction in the striatum (mean differences of 27.8% in the caudate and 21.1% in the putamen) relative to the comparison subjects; this reduction was evident even in abusers who had been detoxified for at least 11 months. Dopamine transporter reduction was associated with motor slowing and memory impairment.Conclusions: These results provide evidence that methamphetamine at dose levels taken by human abusers of the drug leads to dopamine transporter reduction that is associated with motor and cognitive impairment. These results emphasize the urgency of alerting clinicians and the public of the long-term changes that methamphetamine can induce in the human brain.