Neural processing of intentional biological motion in unaffected siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder: an fMRI study.
Neural processing of intentional biological motion in unaffected siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder: an fMRI study.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bandc.2013.09.007
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发表时间：
2013-12
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Vander Wyk, Brent C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ahmed, Alex A.;Vander Wyk, Brent C.
尽管经常表现出典型的行为水平的社会认知能力，自闭症谱系障碍儿童的未受影响的兄弟姐妹被发现在与社会处理相关的大脑区域内表现出类似的功能和形态缺陷。据报道，与自闭症儿童和对照组儿童相比，他们在这些相同的区域，如后上级颞沟（pSTS），对生物运动的激活也有所增加。有人认为，这种激活的增加可能代表了这些区域的补偿性重组，这是自闭症高度遗传的遗传影响的结果。然而，未受影响的同胞在动作知觉领域的反应模式是未经研究的，补偿激活的现象尚未被复制。本研究使用功能磁共振成像来确定22名自闭症儿童的兄弟姐妹和22名匹配的对照组对有意生物行为的神经反应。所呈现的动作与演员的情绪线索一致或不一致。先前的研究报道，通常发育中的儿童和成人，但不是自闭症儿童，在pSTS和背外侧前额叶皮层中显示出对不一致行为（相对于一致行为）的激活增加。我们报告说，未受影响的兄弟姐妹没有表现出补偿性反应，或偏好不一致的一致性试验，在任何大脑区域。此外，互动分析揭示了一个子区域的pSTS中，控制儿童表现出不一致的偏好，以显着更大的程度比兄弟姐妹，这表明在兄弟姐妹的本地化赤字。一个自闭症儿童的样本也没有显示出pSTS的差异激活，这进一步证明了这是自闭症儿童和兄弟姐妹中选择性破坏的一个区域。虽然这两种情况下的激活减少是孤独症样本所独有的，但对不一致和一致的故意行为缺乏区分是ASD儿童和未受影响的兄弟姐妹共同的。
Despite often showing behaviorally typical levels of social cognitive ability, unaffected siblings of children with autism spectrum disorder have been found to show similar functional and morphological deficits within brain regions associated with social processing. They have also been reported to show increased activation to biological motion in these same regions, such as the posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS), relative to both children with autism and control children. It has been suggested that this increased activation may represent a compensatory reorganization of these regions as a result of the highly heritable genetic influence of autism. However, the response patterns of unaffected siblings in the domain of action perception are unstudied, and the phenomenon of compensatory activation has not yet been replicated. The present study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to determine the neural responses to intentional biological actions in 22 siblings of children with autism and 22 matched controls. The presented actions were either congruent or incongruent with the actor’s emotional cue. Prior studies reported that typically developing children and adults, but not children with autism, show increased activation to incongruent actions (relative to congruent), within the pSTS and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We report that unaffected siblings did not show a compensatory response, or a preference for incongruent over congruent trials, in any brain region. Moreover, interaction analyses revealed a sub-region of the pSTS in which control children showed an incongruency preference to a significantly greater degree than siblings, which suggests a localized deficit in siblings. A sample of children with autism also did not show differential activation in the pSTS, providing further evidence that it is an area of selective disruption in children with autism and siblings. While reduced activation to both conditions was unique to the autism sample, lack of differentiation to incongruent and congruent intentional actions was common to both children with ASD and unaffected siblings.
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影响因子：
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作者：
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DOI：
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