The Role of Environmental Factors on Sleep Patterns and School Performance in Adolescents.
The Role of Environmental Factors on Sleep Patterns and School Performance in Adolescents.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01717
复制
发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Milton P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dimitriou D;Le Cornu Knight F;Milton P
背景：现代生活中有许多分心的事情，青春期的睡眠数量和质量都在下降。这是一个令人担忧的问题，因为研究令人信服地证明了睡眠减少对学习成绩的负面影响，无论是在学习还是行为方面。目的：这项研究探讨了青春期睡眠和学校功能之间的关系，重点是可能调解这种关系的环境因素。样本和方法：47名青少年参加。睡眠测量使用学校睡眠习惯调查（SSHS）和睡眠日记。学校的年度平均成绩记录提供了一个衡量学业成绩的标准。瑞文标准推理测验（英语：Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices）提供了一种一般认知过程的测量方法。环境睡眠因素分为三组，即兴奋剂消费，媒体使用和运动，使用自我报告问卷进行测量。结果：平均睡眠时间为7.08小时。相关性显示，总睡眠时间（TST）和就寝时间在工作日与学业成绩密切相关。早晨/晚上和睡眠/觉醒行为问题与乌鸦队的表现有很强的关系。睡前刺激消费和媒体使用与TST和就寝时间在工作日表现出很强的关系。至关重要的是，中介分析证实，睡前咖啡因消费和电子媒体使用与学习成绩呈负相关，通过影响睡眠的中介途径。运动与任何睡眠变量都无关，但与更好的学习成绩有关。结论：目前的研究结果强调，现在比以往任何时候都更重要的是，家长，学校和政策制定者必须意识到向学生销售的含咖啡因物质的负面影响，以及电子媒体的使用对他们的睡眠习惯的影响。我们的研究结果表明，睡前针对咖啡因消费和电子媒体使用可能是减轻现代青少年睡眠债务的有效途径，从而提高学习成绩。
Background: Modern life, with its many distractions, is seeing sleep quantity and quality decline during adolescence. This is a concern as research persuasively demonstrates the negative impact of reduced sleep on academic achievement, both in terms of learning and behavior. Aims: This study examined the relationship between sleep and school functioning in adolescence, with a focus on environmental factors that might mediate this relationship. Sample and Method: Forty-seven adolescents took part. Sleep was measured using the School Sleep Habits Survey (SSHS) and a sleep diary. School records of year grade point averages provided a measure of academic achievement. Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices gave a measure of general cognitive processing. Environmental sleep factors falling into three groups, namely, stimulant consumption, media use and exercise, were measured using a self-report questionnaire. Results: An average of 7.08 h of sleep was reported. Correlations revealed that Total sleep time (TST) and bedtimes on weekdays were strongly associated with academic achievement. Morning/eveningness and sleep/wake behavior problems had a strong relationship with performance on the Ravens. Stimulant consumption and media use before bed revealed strong relationships with TST and bedtimes on weekdays. Crucially, mediation analyses confirmed that both caffeine consumption and electronic media use before bedtime were negatively associated with academic performance, via the mediating pathway by affecting sleep. Exercise was not associated with any of the sleep variables, but was associated with better academic performance. Conclusion: The current findings highlight that, now more than ever, parents, schools and policy makers must be aware of the negative effects of caffeinated substances marketed to students, and electronic media use on their sleep habits. Our findings suggest that targeting caffeine consumption and electronic media use before bed may represent effective routes in alleviating modern teenage sleep debt, and in turn enhancing academic performance.