The Impact of Disability on the Lives of Children; Cross-Sectional Data Including 8,900 Children with Disabilities and 898,834 Children without Disabilities across 30 Countries
The Impact of Disability on the Lives of Children; Cross-Sectional Data Including 8,900 Children with Disabilities and 898,834 Children without Disabilities across 30 Countries
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0107300
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发表时间：
2014-09-09
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gallinetti, Jacqueline
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuper, Hannah;Monteath-van Dok, Adrienne;Gallinetti, Jacqueline
背景：人们普遍认为，残疾儿童上学或获得医疗保健的可能性较小，并且更容易陷入贫困。目前几乎没有大规模或国际可比的证据来支持这些说法。本研究的目的是调查残疾对国际计划在30个国家赞助的儿童的生活的影响。方法和结果：我们进行了一项横断面调查，包括907，734名0-17岁的儿童参加了国际计划在30个国家的赞助计划，在2012年。父母/监护人进行了采访，使用标准化的问卷调查，包括信息：年龄，性别，健康，教育，贫困，水和卫生设施。通过一个问题评估残疾情况，并收集关于损伤类型的信息。该数据集包括30个国家的8，900名报告残疾的儿童。在接受评估的30个国家中，有22个国家的残疾发生率为0.4%-3.0%，男孩高于女孩-一般高出1.3-1.4倍。在这30个国家中，残疾儿童接受正规教育的可能性比非残疾儿童低得多，近一半国家的年龄-性别调整比值比超过10。这种关系因损伤类型而异。在上学的儿童中，残疾儿童与非残疾儿童相比，其年龄段的受教育程度较低。除尼日尔外，残疾儿童更有可能报告在过去12个月内患有严重疾病。残疾和贫困之间没有明确的关系。结论：残疾儿童有可能无法实现他们的教育潜力，更容易患上严重的疾病。这种排斥很可能对他们的生活产生长期的有害影响，除非对服务进行调整，以促进他们的融入。
Background: Children with disabilities are widely believed to be less likely to attend school or access health care, and more vulnerable to poverty. There is currently little large-scale or internationally comparable evidence to support these claims. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of disability on the lives of children sponsored by Plan International across 30 countries.Methods and Findings: We conducted a cross-sectional survey including 907,734 children aged 0-17 participating in the Plan International Sponsorship Programme across 30 countries in 2012. Parents/guardians were interviewed using standardised questionnaires including information on: age, sex, health, education, poverty, and water and sanitation facilities. Disability was assessed through a single question and information was collected on type of impairment. The dataset included 8,900 children with reported disabilities across 30 countries. The prevalence of disability ranged from 0.4%-3.0% and was higher in boys than girls in 22 of the 30 countries assessed - generally in the range of 1.3-1.4 fold higher. Children with disabilities were much less likely to attend formal education in comparison to children without disabilities in each of the 30 countries, with age-sex adjusted odds ratios exceeding 10 for nearly half of the countries. This relationship varied by impairment type. Among those attending school, children with disabilities were at a lower level of schooling for their age compared to children without disabilities. Children with disabilities were more likely to report experiencing a serious illness in the last 12 months, except in Niger. There was no clear relationship between disability and poverty.Conclusions: Children with disabilities are at risk of not fulfilling their educational potential and are more vulnerable to serious illness. This exclusion is likely to have a long-term deleterious impact on their lives unless services are adapted to promote their inclusion.