Accurate Realizations of the Ionized Gas in Galaxy Clusters: Calibrating Feedback
Accurate Realizations of the Ionized Gas in Galaxy Clusters: Calibrating Feedback
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星系团中电离气体的准确实现：校准反馈
DOI：
10.1086/518432
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
L. Shaw
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Bode;J. Ostriker;J. Weller;L. Shaw
利用星系团晕的完整的三维潜力（从当前最受欢迎的宇宙学的n体模拟中得出），通过假设一个多向状态方程和流体静力平衡，在星系团边界的能量守恒和压力平衡的约束下，发现了x射线发射气体的分布。这些模拟的零红移星团的气体性质（温度分布、质量-温度和光温关系以及气体比例）与附近星团的x射线观测结果进行了比较。观测到的性质只有在非引力源的大量能量注入发生的假设下才能重现。我们的模型没有具体说明来源，但恒星形成和活动星系核（agn）可能能够提供这种能量，相当于恒星剩余质量的（3-5）× 10-5（假设星团中最初10%的气体形成恒星）。使用这里描述的方法，可以从n体模拟中生成真实的x射线和Sunyaev-Zel'dovich星团图和星表，并考虑到内部光晕特性的分布（以及它们随质量、位置和时间的趋势）。
Using the full, three-dimensional potential of galaxy cluster halos (drawn from an N-body simulation of the current, most favored cosmology), the distribution of the X-ray-emitting gas is found by assuming a polytropic equation of state and hydrostatic equilibrium with constraints from conservation of energy and pressure balance at the cluster boundary. The resulting properties of the gas for these simulated redshift zero clusters (the temperature distribution, mass-temperature and luminosity-temperature relations, and the gas fraction) are compared with observations in the X-ray of nearby clusters. The observed properties are reproduced only under the assumption that substantial energy injection from nongravitational sources has occurred. Our model does not specify the source, but star formation and active galactic nuclei (AGNs) may be capable of providing this energy, which amounts to (3-5) × 10-5 of the rest mass in stars (assuming 10% of the gas initially in the cluster forms stars). With the method described here, it is possible to generate realistic X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich cluster maps and catalogs from N-body simulations with the distributions of internal halo properties (and their trends with mass, location, and time) taken into account.