Health belief model for coronavirus infection risk determinants
Health belief model for coronavirus infection risk determinants
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DOI：
10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002494
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发表时间：
2020-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Costa, Marcelo Fernandes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Costa, Marcelo Fernandes
目的：为了使用带有语言锚的比率量表的优势，以测量在基于健康信念模型的问卷中对新型冠状病毒感染的风险感知，这导致了COVID-19，以及其有效性和可重复性。方法：我们使用健康信念模型，它探索了四个维度：感知敏感性（5个问题）、感知严重性（5个问题）、感知益处（5个问题）和感知障碍（5个问题）。此外，我们还包括第五个维度，称为亲健康动机（四个问题）。这些问题构成了一份电子问卷，由社交网络分发，为期一周。答案是主观表征的定量值，通过心理学构建的量表与言语锚比（CentiMae）获得。总填充的平均时间为12分钟（标准差= 1.6）。结果：我们获得了277个完整的答复的形式。其中一份被排除在外，因为它属于18岁以下的参与者。在我们的问卷调查中，24个问题中有22个问题的生殖能力测量结果显著（Cronbach α = 0.883）。收敛效度用Spearman-Brown分半信度系数（r = 0.882）检验。各组之间的显著差异在感知的易感性和严重性维度上更强烈，而在感知的益处和障碍方面更少。结论：我们的基于健康信念模型的问卷使用定量测量，能够确认关于COVID-19感染风险的流行信念。我们的方法的优势在于可以快速，直接和定量地确定问卷中每个维度的个人信念概况，作为沟通过程和公共卫生教育的重要盟友。
OBJECTIVE: To use the advantages of a ratio scale with verbal anchors in order to measure the risk perception in the novel coronavirus infection, which causes covid-19, in a health belief model-based questionnaire, as well as its validity and reproducibility.METHOD: We used the health belief model, which explores four dimensions: perceived susceptibility (five questions), perceived severity (five questions), perceived benefits (five questions), and perceived barriers (five questions). Additionally, we included a fifth dimension, called pro-health motivation (four questions). The questions composed an electronic questionnaire disseminated by social networks for an one-week period. Answers were quantitative values of subjective representations, obtained by a psychophysically constructed scale with verbal anchors ratio (CentiMae). Mean time for total filling was 12 minutes (standard deviation = 1.6).RESULTS: We obtained 277 complete responses to the form. One was excluded because it belonged to a participant under 18 years old. Reproducibility measures were significant for 22 of the 24 questions in our questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha = 0.883). Convergent validity was attested by Spearman-Brown's split half reliability coefficient (r = 0.882). Significant differences among groups were more intense in perceived susceptibility and severity dimensions, and less in perceived benefits and barriers.CONCLUSION: Our health belief model-based questionnaire using quantitative measures enabled the confirmation of popular beliefs about covid-19 infection risks. The advantage in our approach lays in the possibility of quickly, directly and quantitatively identifying individual belief profiles for each dimension in the questionnaire, serving as a great ally for communication processes and public health education.