Effects of Medial Orbitofrontal Cortex Lesions on Self-Control in Intertemporal Choice
Effects of Medial Orbitofrontal Cortex Lesions on Self-Control in Intertemporal Choice
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2016.07.035
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发表时间：
2016-10
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
J. Peters;M. D’Esposito
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Peters;M. D’Esposito
许多决策涉及奖励的时间接近度和奖励的大小之间的权衡。一系列临床条件与这种跨期选择期间的自我控制能力差有关，因此，较早获得的较小奖励比较晚获得的较大奖励更受欢迎[1，2]。根据自我控制的一个突出的神经模型[3-6]，主观奖励值在选择时在内侧眶额皮质（mOFC）中表示[7-9]。在这个模型中，成功的自我控制被认为取决于通过外侧前额叶皮层（lPFC）对这些mOFC值表征的调节[3，6]。在这里，我们直接测试了该模型在mOFC病变患者（n = 9）和匹配对照组（n = 19）中的三个关键预测。首先，我们发现mOFC病变破坏了无选择的估值评级。这一发现为mOFC在奖励评估中的作用提供了因果证据，并与LPFC中断的影响形成对比[6]。其次，我们证明了mOFC损伤确实会降低跨期选择过程中的自我控制能力，这与之前的研究结果相同[10]。第三，扩展之前的观察结果，我们表明mOFC损伤对跨期选择的影响取决于任务的实际自我控制需求。因此，我们的研究结果为mOFC在奖励评估中的作用提供了因果证据，并且与mOFC损伤影响自我控制的想法相一致，特别是在通常可能需要调节mOFC价值表征的条件下，例如，LPFC的。
Many decisions involve a trade-off between the temporal proximity of a reward and its magnitude. A range of clinical conditions are associated with poor self-control during such intertemporal choices, such that smaller rewards that are received sooner are preferred over larger rewards that are received later to a greater extent [1, 2]. According to a prominent neural model of self-control [3–6], subjective reward values are represented in the medial orbitofrontal cortex (mOFC) at the time of choice [7–9]. Successful self-control in this model is then thought to depend on a modulation of these mOFC value representations via the lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC) [3, 6]. Here we directly tested three key predictions of this model in patients with lesions to the mOFC (n = 9) and matched controls (n = 19). First, we show that mOFC lesions disrupt choice-free valuation ratings. This finding provides causal evidence for a role of the mOFC in reward valuation and contrasts with the effects of lPFC disruption [6]. Second, we show that mOFC damage indeed decreases self-control during intertemporal choice, replicating previous findings [10]. Third, extending these previous observations, we show that the effect of mOFC damage on intertemporal choice depends on the actual self-control demands of the task. Our findings thus provide causal evidence for a role of mOFC in reward valuation and are compatible with the idea that mOFC damage affects self-control specifically under conditions that might normally require a modulation of mOFC value representations, e.g., by the lPFC.