Motor activity and trajectory control during escape jumping in the locust Locusta migratoria
Motor activity and trajectory control during escape jumping in the locust Locusta migratoria
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DOI：
10.1007/s00359-005-0023-3
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发表时间：
2005-10-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Simmons, PJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Santer, RD;Yamawaki, Y;Simmons, PJ
我们研究了蝗虫在接近物体时产生的逃逸跳跃。后腿肌肉在逃逸跳跃中的活动类似于在防守踢中。在后腿弯曲时，蝗虫可以将它们的逃生跳跃引导到其长轴方向的两侧50度，使它们能够持续地从物体靠近的一侧跳离。跳跃轨迹的变化是通过身体的滚动和偏航运动实现的，这些运动由前胸腿和间胸腿控制。在后腿屈曲时，蝗虫将前腿与其最终的跳跃轨迹弯曲同侧，然后伸展对侧的前腿。这些前腿运动在后腿胫骨肌肉的共同收缩过程中持续进行，使蝗虫的长轴朝着最终的跳跃轨迹旋转。但与跳跃轨迹相关的左、右后腿运动程序不存在双边差异。前腿运动使蝗虫能够独立于后腿运动程序控制其跳跃轨迹，允许在后腿抬起准备跳跃后做出关于跳跃轨迹的决定。
We investigated the escape jumps that locusts produce in response to approaching objects. Hindleg muscular activity during an escape jump is similar to that during a defensive kick. Locusts can direct their escape jumps up to 50 degrees either side of the direction of their long axis at the time of hindleg flexion, allowing them to consistently jump away from the side towards which an object is approaching. Variation in jump trajectory is achieved by rolling and yawing movements of the body that are controlled by the fore- and mesothoracic legs. During hindleg flexion, a locust flexes the foreleg ipsilateral to its eventual jump trajectory and then extends the contralateral foreleg. These foreleg movements continue throughout co-contraction of the hindleg tibial muscles, pivoting the locust's long axis towards its eventual jump trajectory. However, there are no bilateral differences in the motor programs of the left and right hindlegs that correlate with jump trajectory. Foreleg movements enable a locust to control its jump trajectory independent of the hindleg motor program, allowing a decision on jump trajectory to be made after the hindlegs have been cocked in preparation for a jump.