Allport’s Prejudiced Personality Today
Allport’s Prejudiced Personality Today
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奥尔波特今天的偏见性格
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Alain Van Hiel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arne Roets;Alain Van Hiel
在偏见心理学研究的漫长历史中，奥尔波特（Allport，1954）的书《偏见的本质》无疑是一部基础著作，其提出的思想至今仍具有高度影响力和相关性。在这位领先学者的开创性思想的指导下，我们阐述了当代心理学研究如何为不同形式的偏见背后的基本的、有动机的认知风格积累证据。具体来说，我们证明了奥尔波特关于这种基本认知风格的经典概念被认知封闭需求（NFC）的当代建构很好地抓住了，并且我们回顾了 NFC 对种族主义和性别歧视影响的最新证据。将奥尔波特的著作与当代研究相结合，我们还表明，动机性认知对偏见的影响可以通过本质主义思维和独裁意识形态来解释（即中介）。最后，我们讨论了最近的证据，这些证据表明，与奥尔波特的悲观预测相反，群体间接触对于减少 NFC 高水平人群的偏见特别有效。结论是，最近对 NFC 的研究为奥尔波特的假设提供了坚实的经验基础，即普遍动机的认知方式是偏见的基础。
In the long history of psychological research on prejudice, Allport’s (1954) book The Nature of Prejudice is undoubtedly the foundational work, advancing ideas that remain highly influential and relevant to this day. Guided by the seminal ideas of this leading scholar, we illustrate how contemporary psychological research has accumulated evidence for a basic, motivated cognitive style underlying prejudice in its different forms. Specifically, we demonstrate that Allport’s classic conception of this basic cognitive style is exceptionally well captured by the contemporary construct of need for cognitive closure (NFC), and we review the recent evidence for NFC effects on racism and sexism. Integrating Allport’s writings with contemporary research, we also show that the effects of motivated cognition on prejudice are explained (i.e., mediated) by essentialist thinking and authoritarian ideology. Finally, we discuss recent evidence indicating that, in contrast to Allport’s pessimistic predictions, intergroup contact is especially effective in reducing prejudice among people high in NFC. It is concluded that recent research on NFC provides a solid empirical basis for Allport’s hypothesis that a general motivated cognitive style lies at the basis of prejudice.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Kruglanski, AW;Webster, DM
通讯作者：
Webster, DM