ETHYLENE, ETHANE, ACETALDEHYDE, AND ETHANOL-PRODUCTION BY PLANTS UNDER STRESS
ETHYLENE, ETHANE, ACETALDEHYDE, AND ETHANOL-PRODUCTION BY PLANTS UNDER STRESS
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.69.4.840
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发表时间：
1982-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
KOZLOWSKI, TT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
KIMMERER, TW;KOZLOWSKI, TT
红松（Pinus resinosa Ait.）和纸桦（Betula papyrifera marsh.）暴露于SO2的幼苗产生乙醛和乙醇，并表现出增加的乙烯和乙烷的产生。气相色谱法测定含有叶片或幼苗的培养管的顶空气体是一种同时测定所有4种化合物的简单方法。乙烯产量的增加有2个阶段，从胁迫期开始的适度增加和叶片病变出现之前的大幅增加。在SO2-胁迫植物的乙烷生产没有增加，直到病变出现。乙醛和乙醇的产生在0.3 μ l/l SO2下在6小时内开始，在0.1 μ l/l SO2下在24小时内开始，并在整个6天的熏蒸中持续。当植物被移除以清洁空气长达2天时，乙醛和乙醇的生产继续进行。较高浓度的SO2（0.4 μ l/l）诱导白桦和松树幼苗在开始熏蒸的2小时内产生乙醛和乙醇。一些其他的压力，包括水分亏缺，冻结和O3暴露诱导乙醛和乙醇的生产。这些化合物的产生不是由于缺氧，因为孵育容器中的O2分压[PO 2]没有下降。将PO 2增加到300 mm Hg并不影响这些化合物的产生。乙烯、乙醛和乙醇的产量在叶面积坏死超过80%时下降，而乙烷的产量与坏死百分比呈线性相关。一些木本和草本植物物种[玉米，南瓜，豌豆，甘蓝，万寿菊，Haemanthus katherinae，Platamus octagentalis，美洲榆，赤桉，大果栎和黑松]产生乙醛和乙醇响应冻结胁迫，而其他人没有。在气相中同时测定这4种化合物可能是监测植物胁迫，特别是空气污染胁迫的一种有价值的方法。
Red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) and paper birch (Betula papyrifera marsh.) seedlings exposed to SO2 produced acetaldehyde and ethanol, and exhibited increased production of ethylene and ethane. Gas chromatographic measurement of head space gas from incubation tubes containing leaves or seedlings was a simple method of simultaneously measuring all 4 compounds. Increased ethylene production had 2 phases, a moderate increase from the beginning of the stress period and a large increase just prior to appearance of leaf lesions. Ethane production in SO2-stressed plants did not increase until lesions appeared. Acetaldehyde and ethanol production began within 6 h at 0.3 .mu.l/l SO2 and 24 h at 0.1 .mu.l/l SO2 and continued throughout a 6-day fumigation. Production of acetaldehyde and ethanol continued when plants were removed to clean air for up to 2 days. A higher concentration of SO2 (0.4 .mu.l/l) induced acetaldehyde and ethanol production within 2 h of the start of fumigation of birch and pine seedlings. A number of other stresses, including water deficit, freezing and O3 exposure induced production of acetaldehyde and ethanol. Production of these compounds was not due to hypoxia, as the O2 partial pressure [PO2] in the incubation vessels did not decline. Increasing the PO2 to 300 mm Hg did not affect production of these compounds. Production of ethylene, acetaldehyde and ethanol declined when > 80% of the leaf area became necrotic, while ethane production was linearly related to the percentage of necrosis. A number of woody and herbaceous plant species [Zea mays, Cucurbita maxima, Pisum sativum, Brassica oleracea, Tagetes erecta, Haemanthus katherinae, Platamus occidentalis, Ulmus americana, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Quercus macrocarpa and Pinus halepensis] produced acetaldehyde and ethanol in response to freezing stress, while others did not. Measurement of these 4 compounds simultaneously in the gas phase may be a valuable method for monitoring plant stress, particularly air pollution stress.