Sex Differences in Temporal Trends of Cardiovascular Health in Young US Adults.
Sex Differences in Temporal Trends of Cardiovascular Health in Young US Adults.
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DOI：
10.1161/jaha.121.024790
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发表时间：
2022-06-07
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Natarajan, Pradeep
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cho, So Mi Jemma;Haidermota, Sara;Honigberg, Michael C.;Natarajan, Pradeep
年轻人良好的心血管健康（CVH）与未来较低的心血管风险相关。我们确定了从2007年到2018年，年轻人的CVH及其性别差异是否发生了变化。我们从国家健康检查和营养调查数据中确定了10206名年龄在20至39岁之间的人。CVH是根据美国心脏协会的生活简单7指标（7）进行评估。使用线性回归分析计算理想CVH组分的平均数量和单个组分的理想比例的变化。用性别和日历年之间的交互作用项评估性别差异趋势的变化。研究人群的平均（SD）年龄为29.3（5.8）岁，5260（51.5%）例为女性。女性（4.40 [1.22]至4.48 [1.15]; P=0.94）和男性（3.97 [1.27]至3.93 [1.24]; P=0.87）的平均（SD）理想CVH分量保持不变，性别差异稳定（相互作用P =0.94）。尽管如此，随着男性理想血压的下降，血压的性别差异扩大（54.0%至46.9%; P=0.03），但女性没有（P <0.001）。与此同时，女性理想体力活动的比例下降（57.3%至49.4%; P=0.04），但男性保持稳定（P =0.03）。女性中不吸烟的比例（64.1%至70.5%; P=0.05）比男性（P =0.01）增加得更大。CVH的性别差异持续存在，血压、体力活动和吸烟的差异加剧。这些见解为促进公平的CVH提供了机会。
Favorable cardiovascular health (CVH) in young adulthood has been associated with lower future cardiovascular risk. We determined whether CVH and its sex differences in young adults have changed from 2007 to 2018. We identified 10 206 individuals, aged 20 to 39 years, from the National Health Examination and Nutrition Survey data. CVH was assessed on the basis of the American Heart Association’s Life’s Simple 7 metrics (of 7). Changes in the mean number of ideal CVH components and the ideal proportion of individual components were calculated using linear regression analysis. Changes in sex difference trends were assessed with an interaction term between sex and calendar year. The mean (SD) age of the study population was 29.3 (5.8) years, and 5260 (51.5%) individuals were women. The mean (SD) ideal CVH component remained unchanged for both women (4.40 [1.22] to 4.48 [1.15]; P=0.94) and men (3.97 [1.27] to 3.93 [1.24]; P=0.87), with stable sex differences (P for interaction=0.94). Nonetheless, sex differences in blood pressure widened as ideal blood pressure decreased in men (54.0% to 46.9%; P=0.03) but not in women (P for interaction <0.001). Concurrently, the proportion with ideal physical activity declined in women (57.3% to 49.4%; P=0.04) but remained stable in men (P for interaction=0.03). Nonsmoking increased to a greater extent in women (64.1% to 70.5%; P=0.05) than in men (P for interaction=0.01). Sex disparities in CVH have persisted with exacerbated differences in blood pressure, physical activity, and smoking. These insights provide opportunities to promote equitable CVH.