Time patterns of sperm whale codas recorded in the Mediterranean Sea 1985-1996.
Time patterns of sperm whale codas recorded in the Mediterranean Sea 1985-1996.
复制标题
1985-1996 年地中海记录的抹香鲸尾声的时间模式。
DOI：
10.1121/1.422336
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Gordon
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Pavan;T. Hayward;J. F. Borsani;M. Priano;M. Manghi;C. Fossati;J. Gordon
抹香鲸（Physeter macrocephalus，=P. catodon）的一种独特的发声方式是尾音：一种具有独特定型时间模式的短点击序列[Watkins和Schevill，J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 62，1485-1490（1977）]。尾曲曲目已被发现在地理上和与组的隶属关系上都不同[Weilgart和Whitehead，Behav.社会生物学40，277-285（1997）]。在这项工作中，点击时间和重复模式的抹香鲸尾波记录在地中海的统计特征，并在其中的尾波发生的上下文也考虑在内。1985年至1996年期间，几个研究小组使用一些不同的探测仪器，包括固定和拖曳式水听器、声纳浮标和被动声纳，在地中海中部共记录到138个尾波。几乎所有（134个）记录的尾声都有相同的“3+1”（/）点击模式。尾波持续时间范围为456至1280 ms，平均持续时间为908 ms，标准差为176 ms。大多数尾波（共117个）属于20个尾波系列。每个系列都是由一个人产生的，在大多数情况下是由一小群中的成熟雄性产生的，由2到16个尾波组成，以一次或多次“爆发”的方式发出，其中1到13个尾波在时间上间隔相当有规律。爆发中的尾波平均数为3.46，标准差为2.65。尾波内的时间间隔比率由尾波持续时间和由尾波持续时间归一化的前两个互击间隔参数化。这三个参数在每个尾波系列内保持高度稳定，系列内的变异系数平均小于5%。各数据集的间隔比率略有不同，但在11个数据集中的8个数据集上高度稳定，这些数据集跨越11年，地理位置广泛分散。在其他三个数据集中观察到的间隔比有些不同;在其中一个数据集中，变异尾波是由一只年轻的鲸鱼产生的。1996年记录的两组假定的抹香鲸尾波有5和6个点击模式;对这些新模式的观察表明，地中海的抹香鲸尾波可能比以前认为的有更多的变化。
A distinctive vocalization of the sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus (=P. catodon), is the coda: a short click sequence with a distinctive stereotyped time pattern [Watkins and Schevill, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 62, 1485-1490 (1977)]. Coda repertoires have been found to vary both geographically and with group affiliation [Weilgart and Whitehead, Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 40, 277-285 (1997)]. In this work, the click timings and repetition patterns of sperm whale codas recorded in the Mediterranean Sea are characterized statistically, and the context in which the codas occurred are also taken into consideration. A total of 138 codas were recorded in the central Mediterranean in the years 1985-1996 by several research groups using a number of different detection instruments, including stationary and towed hydrophones, sonobuoys and passive sonars. Nearly all (134) of the recorded codas share the same "3+1" (/// /) click pattern. Coda durations ranged from 456 to 1280 ms, with an average duration of 908 ms and a standard deviation of 176 ms. Most of the codas (a total of 117) belonged to 20 coda series. Each series was produced by an individual, in most cases by a mature male in a small group, and consisted of between 2 and 16 codas, emitted in one or more "bursts" of 1 to 13 codas spaced fairly regularly in time. The mean number of codas in a burst was 3.46, and the standard deviation was 2.65. The time interval ratios within a coda are parameterized by the coda duration and by the first two interclick intervals normalized by coda duration. These three parameters remained highly stable within each coda series, with coefficients of variation within the series averaging less than 5%. The interval ratios varied somewhat across the data sets, but were highly stable over 8 of the 11 data sets, which span 11 years and widely dispersed geographic locations. Somewhat different interval ratios were observed in the other three data sets; in one of these data sets, the variant codas were produced by a young whale. Two sets of presumed sperm whale codas recorded in 1996 had 5- and 6-click patterns; the observation of these new patterns suggests that sperm whale codas in the Mediterranean may have more variations than previously believed.