Navigating space in the mammalian brain.
Navigating space in the mammalian brain.
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哺乳动物大脑中的空间导航。
DOI：
10.1126/science.abi9663
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Wood ER
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wood ER
大脑如何代表世界并允许空间导航？一种机制是海马区细胞--根据动物在其环境中所处的位置而放电的神经元。不同的位置细胞根据不同的位置被激发，它们一起被认为提供了一张支持空间导航和记忆的认知地图(1)。已经在一系列哺乳动物物种中描述了位置细胞，包括老鼠、蝙蝠、绒猴和人类。然而，大多数研究都是在小围栏或迷宫中使用老鼠。因此，目前尚不清楚这种表示如何支持更大规模的真实世界导航。在本期的第933页上，Eliavet等人(2)表明，蝙蝠在一个大(200米长)的围栏中飞行，大多数地方细胞在几个不同的位置和不同的空间尺度上发射。对于有限数量的神经元来说，这种多尺度表示可能是编码大距离的最有效方式。
How does the brain represent the world and allow spatial navigation? One mechanism is hippocampal place cells—neurons that fire according to where an animal is in its environment. Different place cells fire according to different locations, and together they are thought to provide a cognitive map that supports spatial navigation and memory (1). Place cells have been described in a range of mammalian species, including mice, bats, marmosets, and humans. However, most studies have used rats in small enclosures or mazes. Thus, it is unknown how such representations might underpin larger-scale, real-world navigation. On page 933 of this issue, Eliavet al.(2) show that in bats flying in a large (200-m-long) enclosure, most place cells fire in several different locations and with varying spatial scales. Such multiscale representations are likely the most efficient way for a finite number of neurons to encode large distances.