Controlling interfacial film formation in mixed polymer-surfactant systems by changing the vapor phase.

Controlling interfacial film formation in mixed polymer-surfactant systems by changing the vapor phase.
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通过改变气相来控制混合聚合物-表面活性剂体系中界面膜的形成。

DOI:
10.1021/la5010825
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Mokhtari T
Mokhtari T
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mokhtari T

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在这里,我们表明,运输产生的相分离在空气-液体界面的自组装的两亲性分子和聚合物的系统中,可以通过空气的相对湿度(RH)控制。我们还表明,我们的观察结果可以定量描述的理论模型描述界面相分离的水梯度,我们以前发表的。这些现象源于这样一个事实:与环境RH对应的水化学势通常与开放水溶液中的水化学势不匹配。这意味着在空气-水界面处的非平衡条件,这反过来又会对该层中的分子组织产生影响。实验装置是这样的,我们可以控制RH的边界条件,从而验证理论模型的预测。本文研究的聚合物-表面活性剂体系由聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)或二癸基二甲基溴化铵(DDAB)组成。掠入射小角X射线散射结果表明,在聚合物-表面活性剂胶束稀溶液的界面处形成了具有六方或层状结构的界面相。从椭圆偏振光谱数据,我们得出结论,在RH的变化可以用来控制微米厚的界面膜的生长和减少RH导致较厚的膜。对于CTAB-PEI体系,我们比较了界面相的相行为与平衡体相行为。界面膜类似于在高表面活性剂与聚合物的比例和降低水含量下形成的体相,这可以用于预测界面相的组成。我们还表明,在气相中的对流强烈减少膜的形成,可能是由于减少的未搅拌层,扩散运输占主导地位。
Here we show that transport-generated phase separation at the air–liquid interface in systems containing self-assembling amphiphilic molecules and polymers can be controlled by the relative humidity (RH) of the air. We also show that our observations can be described quantitatively with a theoretical model describing interfacial phase separation in a water gradient that we published previously. These phenomena arises from the fact that the water chemical potential corresponding to the ambient RH will, in general, not match the water chemical potential in the open aqueous solution. This implies nonequilibrium conditions at the air–water interface, which in turn can have consequences on the molecular organization in this layer. The experimental setup is such that we can control the boundary conditions in RH and thereby verify the predictions from the theoretical model. The polymer–surfactant systems studied here are composed of polyethylenimine (PEI) and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) or didecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB). Grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering results show that interfacial phases with hexagonal or lamellar structure form at the interface of dilute polymer–surfactant micellar solutions. From spectroscopic ellipsometry data we conclude that variations in RH can be used to control the growth of micrometer-thick interfacial films and that reducing RH leads to thicker films. For the CTAB–PEI system, we compare the phase behavior of the interfacial phase to the equilibrium bulk phase behavior. The interfacial film resembles the bulk phases formed at high surfactant to polymer ratio and reduced water contents, and this can be used to predict the composition of interfacial phase. We also show that convection in the vapor phase strongly reduces film formation, likely due to reduction of the unstirred layer, where diffusive transport is dominating.
由聚乙烯亚胺 (PEI) 和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 (CTAB) 的稀释混合物形成多重薄膜。
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