Animal cellulases with a focus on aquatic invertebrates
Animal cellulases with a focus on aquatic invertebrates
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DOI：
10.1007/s12562-012-0559-4
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Aya Tanimura;Wen Liu;Kyohei Yamada;T. Kishida;H. Toyohara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Aya Tanimura;Wen Liu;Kyohei Yamada;T. Kishida;H. Toyohara
纤维素被各种生物体用作营养源。长期以来，人们认为除了植物和光合细菌之外，只有原生动物、细菌和真菌能够合成由其自身基因编码的纤维素酶。然而，纤维素酶在整个动物界的广泛分布最近已被认识到。通常，动物利用来源于消化器官中的共生细菌的纤维素酶消化纤维素。然而，最近的分子生物学研究表明，一些纤维素酶基因实际上编码在动物染色体上。此外，从各种无脊椎动物门中获得的纤维素酶的同源一级结构表明，纤维素酶基因可能从现已灭绝的古老生物中垂直转移。纤维素酶具有独特的酶学性质，其研究成果有望应用于生物乙醇生产和水产养殖。在本综述中，我们描述了纤维素酶，主要集中在水生无脊椎动物，其中内源性和外源性纤维素酶都参与了消化器官中纤维素的分解。
Cellulose is utilized as a nutritional source by various organisms. For a long time it was believed that only protozoa, bacteria, and fungi, in addition to plants and photosynthetic bacteria, are able to synthesize cellulases encoded by their own genes. However, the widespread distribution of cellulases throughout the animal kingdom has recently been recognized. Conventionally, animals digest cellulose utilizing cellulases derived from symbiotic bacteria in the digestive organs. However, recent molecular biological studies have shown that some cellulase genes are actually encoded on animal chromosomes. In addition, the homologous primary structure of cellulases obtained from various invertebrate phyla indicates the possible vertical transfer of the cellulase gene from ancient organisms that are now extinct. The results of studies on cellulases with unique enzymatic properties are expected to be applied to bioethanol production and aquaculture. In the present review, we describe cellulases, focusing primarily on aquatic invertebrates in which both endogenous and exogenous cellulases are involved in the breakdown of cellulose in the digestive organs.