A fully superconducting air-core machine for aircraft propulsion
A fully superconducting air-core machine for aircraft propulsion
复制标题
用于飞机推进的全超导空芯机
DOI：
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Haran
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Balachandran;D. Lee;N. Salk;K. Haran
部分和完全超导（SC）机器承诺电力推进所需的高功率密度能力。这些机器需要实现高功率密度，同时减少电热损失，以最大限度地减少所需的低温功率和随后的额外重量。氢动力全电动飞机提供了一个设计空间，其中交流损耗是可控的。然而，高速全超导电机的高电频率对降低电枢交流损耗提出了重大挑战。在高速应用中，SC电枢线圈中的耦合损耗占主导地位，并成为这些电机实际应用的障碍。本文提出了一种用于氢动力支线全电动飞机的全超导电机。空气芯设计被认为是利用低交流损耗的MgB 2线。该设计旨在实现50 kW/kg的比功率，同时要求交流损耗小于3 kW。这项研究探讨了用有源屏蔽线圈取代被动铁屏蔽的可能性，以控制机器内部的磁通量，同时减轻重量并增加功率密度。该研究的重点是尽量减少重量以及在电枢线圈的交流损耗。一个优化算法被用来确定铁屏蔽和有源屏蔽线圈设计之间的权衡。结果表明，电力推进的最佳设计消除了被动屏蔽，有利于主动屏蔽线圈-增加机器的功率密度，同时保持外部通量密度低于标准安全限值。
Partial and fully superconducting (SC) machines promise high power density capabilities required for electric propulsion. These machines need to achieve high power densities while reducing electrical heat losses to minimize the required cryogenic power and subsequent additional weight. Hydrogen powered all-electric planes provide a design space where ac losses are manageable. However, the high electrical frequencies in high-speed fully superconducting machines pose a significant challenge to reducing armature ac losses. In high-speed applications, coupling loss in the SC armature coils dominates and becomes a barrier for practical application of these machines. In this paper a fully superconducting machine is proposed for a hydrogen powered regional all-electric plane. An air core design is considered utilizing low ac loss MgB2 wires. The design is targeted to achieve 50 kW/kg specific power while requiring ac losses to be less than 3 kW. This study explores the possibility of replacing a passive iron shield with active shielding coils to contain the magnetic flux inside the machine while reducing weight and increasing power density. The study focuses on minimizing weight as well as ac losses in the armature coils. An optimization algorithm is used to determine the trade-offs between iron shield and active shield coil designs. Results show that optimal designs for electric propulsion eliminate the passive shield in favor of active shielding coils - increasing the power density of the machine while maintaining the outside flux density below standard safety limits.