Changes in amino acids in Cucumis melo in relation to life-history traits and flight propensity of Bemisia tabaci
Changes in amino acids in Cucumis melo in relation to life-history traits and flight propensity of Bemisia tabaci
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1003886107024
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发表时间：
1999-10-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Byrne, DN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blackmer, JL;Byrne, DN
测定了甜瓜韧皮部氨基酸的含量，以确定氮素有效性的变化是否会影响烟粉虱的生活史特征和飞行活动。在植物发育过程中，鉴定出了20种常见氨基酸中的19种，以及羟脯氨酸、瓜氨酸、鸟氨酸和γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)。对于大多数必需氨基酸，观察到了两个峰：最初的一个大峰与幼嫩的植物有关，后来的一个小峰与衰老的植物有关。组氨酸、鸟氨酸和瓜氨酸的相对丰度在成熟植株中出现中到大的峰值。精氨酸在植物发育的最初几周达到峰值，在第7周后不再被检测到。丝氨酸和谷氨酰胺/谷氨酸是唯一在植物衰老过程中达到峰值的氨基酸。因子分析被用来创建减少数量的正交因子，这与观察到的各种氨基酸的趋势很好地对应。没有单一或组合的因素可以解释产卵量的显著变化。对于男性和女性来说，因子1(主要是必需氨基酸)是预测成年体重的最重要的单一因素。随着必需氨基酸相对浓度的降低，粉虱重量减少。因子1和因子3(主要是组氨酸和鸟氨酸)是最重要的发育时间预测因子。随着这些氨基酸相对浓度的降低，发育时间延长。出苗率与因子1呈正相关，与因子6(主要是天冬氨酸)呈负相关。比较了幼龄、成熟期和衰老期甜瓜上羽化粉虱的飞行时间分布，结果表明，幼龄、成熟期和衰老期烟粉虱的飞行时间均偏向于短时间飞行，但随着甜瓜开始衰老，长时间飞行的频率增加。在卵完全发育的情况下，来自所有植物年龄类别的粉虱能够飞行超过2小时，但超过4个成熟卵的存在与飞行持续时间的减少有关。
Phloem amino acids in Cucumis melo L. were measured to determine whether changes in nitrogen availability might affect life-history traits and flight activity of Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae). During plant development, nineteen of the twenty common amino acids, plus hydroxyproline, citrulline, ornithine and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were identified. For most essential amino acids, there were two peaks observed: an initial large peak associated with young plants, and a later small peak associated with senescing plants. For histidine, ornithine and citrulline, medium to large peaks in relative abundance were observed in mature plants. Arginine peaked during the first few weeks of development and was no longer detectable after wk 7. Serine and glutamine/glutamic acid were the only amino acids that peaked during plant senescence. Factor analysis was used to create a reduced number of orthogonal factors, which corresponded well with the trends that were observed for the various groups of amino acids. No single or combination of factors explained a significant amount of the variability in oviposition. For both males and females, factor 1 (predominantly essential amino acids) was the single most important predictor of adult weight. As the relative concentrations of essential amino acids decreased, whitefly weights decreased. Factors 1 and 3 (predominantly histidine and ornithine) were the most important predictors of developmental time. As these amino acids decreased in relative concentration, developmental time increased. Percent emergence was positively associated with factor 1 and negatively associated with factor 6 (predominantly aspartic acid). The distributions of flight duration for whiteflies emerging from young, mature and senescing melon plants were compared and they were always skewed towards short flights; however, the frequency of long-duration flights increased when melon plants began to senesce. Whiteflies from all plant-age categories were capable of flying for more than 2 h with fully developed eggs, but the presence of more than four mature eggs was associated with flights of reduced duration.