The effects of unemployment on psychiatric illness during young adulthood
The effects of unemployment on psychiatric illness during young adulthood
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291796004412
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发表时间：
1997-03-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Lynskey, MT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fergusson, DM;Horwood, LJ;Lynskey, MT
背景本研究的目的是研究暴露于失业后离校和精神疾病的发病率之间的关联，使用新西兰年轻人的出生队列研究到18.Methods收集的数据。在18岁时，对组群成员进行以下评估：（a）从16岁起暴露于失业的持续时间;（B）DSM-IV诊断标准，用于重度抑郁症、焦虑症、行为障碍、尼古丁依赖、其他物质滥用/依赖和自杀未遂。这些信息被整合到纵向数据收集的社会环境，家庭背景和队列的调整，直到18岁。失业风险的增加与青春期精神疾病风险的增加有关。那些失业6个月或更长时间的人的疾病率比那些没有失业的人高1.5到5.4倍。然而，失业者中精神障碍风险的增加大多是由离校年龄之前存在的家庭和个人因素解释的。尽管如此，即使在控制了这些因素后，那些暴露于失业的人患焦虑症和物质使用障碍的比例也显着较高。在很大程度上，失业和精神疾病之间的关系，在这一队列中看到的社会，家庭和个人因素，目前离校年龄。尽管如此，面临失业的年轻人使用药物和焦虑症的比例较高。
Background. The aims of this study were to examine the associations between exposure to unemployment following school leaving and rates of psychiatric disorder using data gathered on a birth cohort of New Zealand young people studied up to the age of 18.Methods. At age 18 cohort members were assessed on: (a) duration of exposure to unemployment from age 16; (b) DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for major depression, anxiety disorders, conduct disorder, nicotine dependence, other substance abuse/dependence and attempted suicide. This information was integrated into longitudinal data gathered on the social circumstances, family background and adjustment of the cohort up to the age of 18.Results. Increasing exposure to unemployment was associated with increasing risks of psychiatric disorder in adolescence. Those exposed to 6 months or more unemployment had rates of disorder that were 1.5 to 5.4 times higher than those not exposed to unemployment. However, most of the elevated risk of disorder among those unemployed was explained by family and personal factors that were present prior to school leaving age. Nonetheless, even after control for these factors those exposed to unemployment had significantly higher rates of anxiety disorder and substance use disorders.Conclusions. To a large extent the relationships between unemployment and psychiatric disorder seen in this cohort were explained by social, family and personal factors that were present before school leaving age. Nonetheless, young people exposed to unemployment had higher rates of substance use and anxiety disorder.