At Home with Mastomys and Rattus: Human-Rodent Interactions and Potential for Primary Transmission of Lassa Virus in Domestic Spaces.
At Home with Mastomys and Rattus: Human-Rodent Interactions and Potential for Primary Transmission of Lassa Virus in Domestic Spaces.
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DOI：
10.4269/ajtmh.16-0675
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发表时间：
2017-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Brown H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bonwitt J;Sáez AM;Lamin J;Ansumana R;Dawson M;Buanie J;Lamin J;Sondufu D;Borchert M;Sahr F;Fichet-Calvet E;Brown H
多乳小鼠是拉萨病毒(LASV)的宿主。当人类直接或间接接触多哺乳类小鼠的液体，如尿液、唾液和血液时，就会发生人畜共患传播。住房特征和家庭组织影响家庭和村庄及其周围的啮齿动物密度，并可能是存在水库的人类拉沙热的风险因素。我们使用半结构化访谈(N=51)、定量调查(N=429)、直接观察和啮齿动物生态学研究来提供新的见解，以了解家庭空间的组织如何将人类和啮齿动物聚集在一起，并在塞拉利昂博区的农村住区创造感染途径。家鼠居多(92.4%)，以捕食纳塔尔田鼠(57%)和家鼠(38%)为主。建筑设计和材料为啮齿动物提供了藏身和筑巢的地方，并导致与人类的亲密接触。接触方式既有无意的，也有有意的，研究参与者报告说，与啮齿动物(34.2%的受访者)和啮齿动物体液(52.8%的受访者)有高水平的接触。啮齿动物也被认为是对粮食安全的严重威胁。这些结果提供了关于人类如何与啮齿动物生活和接触的详细知识，包括LASV水库。我们的结果支持在住房和环境改造方面进行进一步的合作研究，如天花板建设、食品储存和卫生设施，以预防人畜共患病的LASV传播。
The multimammate mouse (Mastomys natalensis) is the reservoir for Lassa virus (LASV). Zoonotic transmission occurs when humans are directly or indirectly exposed to fluids of the multimammate mouse, such as urine, saliva, and blood. Housing characteristics and domestic organization affect rodent density in and around households and villages, and are likely to be a risk factor for Lassa fever in humans where the reservoir exists. We use semi-structured interviews (N = 51), a quantitative survey (N = 429), direct observations, and a rodent ecology study to provide new insights into how the organization of domestic spaces brings together humans and rodents and creates pathways for infection in rural settlements in Bo District, Sierra Leone. Rodents were frequently reported inside houses (92.4% of respondents), in which we predominantly trapped M. natalensis (57% of trapped rodents) and Rattus rattus (38% of trapped rodents). Building design and materials provide hiding and nesting places for rodents and lead to close proximity with humans. Patterns of contact are both unintentional and intentional and research participants reported high levels of contact with rodents (34.2% of respondents) and rodent fluids (52.8% of respondents). Rodents are also perceived as a serious threat to food security. These results present detailed knowledge about how humans live with and come into contact with rodents, including the LASV reservoir. Our results argue for further collaborative research in housing and environmental modification such as ceiling construction, food storage, and sanitation as prevention against zoonotic LASV transmission.