Three-dimensional functionalized tetrapod-like ZnO nanostructures for plasmid DNA delivery
Three-dimensional functionalized tetrapod-like ZnO nanostructures for plasmid DNA delivery
复制标题
用于质粒 DNA 传递的三维功能化四足状 ZnO 纳米结构
DOI：
10.1002/smll.200500193
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发表时间：
2006-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.3
通讯作者：
Wang, TH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nie, L;Gao, LZ;Wang, TH
由于其特殊的电学、光学和磁学性质，尺寸小于100 nm的材料在生物传感器、生物分离和药物输送方面非常有前途。[1-3]近年来，脂质体和聚合物已被用作转染的载体。[4]某些无机材料，如二氧化硅纳米颗粒、碳纳米管和二氧化硅纳米管已被用作转运体，在大肠杆菌细胞转染中毒性很小。[5-7]这些零维纳米颗粒和一维纳米管表明，纳米材料，如果适当的修饰，可以用作转染的载体。然而，三维纳米结构作为生物分子载体的应用研究较少。在这里，我们报告三维功能化的四脚状氧化锌纳米结构作为哺乳动物细胞转染的新型载体。在这项工作中，二氧化硅涂层氨基修饰的纳米结构的制备。通过静电相互作用，ZnO四足体可以结合到质粒DNA。当与细胞混合时，四足动物附着在细胞膜上。就像纳米管站在具有六条腿的细胞上适合基因递送一样，ZnO纳米结构由于其四足形状而站在具有三条针形腿的细胞上用于DNA递送。当三个尖端位于细胞表面时，应增加尖端被细胞内化的机会。此外，四足体的几何形状意味着更大的空间位阻，这使得四足体难以完全穿过细胞膜。就像四足动物在不进入细胞的情况下将基因插入细胞一样，四足动物站在细胞膜上将质粒DNA送入细胞。这一结果有助于减少任何细胞毒性效应。这些结果为四脚状纳米结构在基因载体中的应用提供了一个新的方向。[8]纳米结构由四个针状四面体排列的腿在中心连接，形成四脚状ZnO结构。该支架为单晶，在空气中稳定，平均直径为80 nm，长度为5-10 μm。如图1A所示，其中一个针形腿是每-
Due to their special electrical, optical, and magnetic properties, materials less than 100 nm in size are very promising for biosensors, bio-separation, and drug delivery.[1–3] In recent years liposomes and polymers have been used as carriers for transfections.[4] Certain inorganic materials such as silica nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, and silica nanotubes have been used as transporters with little toxicity in mammalian-cell transfections.[5–7] These zero-dimensional nanoparticles and one-dimensional nanotubes suggest that nanomaterials, if modified properly, can be used as carriers for transfections. However, the application of three-dimensional nanostructures as biomolecule carriers is less well-studied. Here, we report three-dimensional functionalized tetrapod-like ZnO nanostructures as novel carriers for mammalian cell transfections. In this work, silica-coated amino-modifed nanostructures were prepared. Through electrostatic interactions, ZnO tetrapods could be bound to plasmid DNA. When mixed with cells, the tetrapods attached to cell membranes. Just as phages stand on cells with six legs suitable for gene delivery, ZnO nanostructures stand on the cells with three needle-shaped legs for DNA delivery as a result of their tetrapodal shape. With three tips located on the cell surfaces, the opportunity of internalization of the tips by cells should be increased. In addition, the geometry of the tetrapods imply a much larger steric hindrance, which makes it difficult for the tetrapods to pass wholly through the cell membranes. Just as phages insert genes into cells without entering them, tetrapods delivered plasmid DNA into the cells while standing on the cell membrane. This result is helpful in decreasing any cytotoxic effects. These results demonstrate a novel application of tetrapod-like nanostructures for gene delivery.Three-dimensional ZnO nanostructures were synthesized by thermal evaporation at 9008C.[8] The nanostructures consisted of four needle-shaped tetrahedrally arranged legs connected at the center, forming a tetrapod-like ZnO structure. The legs were single-crystalline and stable in air, with a mean diameter of% 80 nm and a length of 5–10 μm. As shown in Figure 1A, one of the needle-shaped legs was per-