Nitrogen in biowaste and yard waste compost:: dynamics of mobilisation and availability -: a review
Nitrogen in biowaste and yard waste compost:: dynamics of mobilisation and availability -: a review
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DOI：
10.1016/s1164-5563(03)00026-8
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发表时间：
2003-07-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Weissteiner, C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Amlinger, F;Götz, B;Weissteiner, C
根据《奥地利水法》，可耕地和草地的最大允许氮负荷分别为175和210 kg N ha（-1）年（-1）。在有机耕作中，与氮负荷相关的最大生命存量限制为170 kg ha（-1）年（-1）。在奥地利无害环境农业计划的规定中，假设第一年新鲜粪肥中总氮的25%可用于植物，这一数值可能存在争议。与其他形式的肥料（矿物、泥浆、动物粪便或污水污泥）相比，生物废物堆肥导致土壤中有机（腐殖）氮的富集。根据不同的耕作制度，将达到特定地点的腐殖质含量和C/N比。在本论文中，几个研究的N-矿化从堆肥编译。一般来说，第一年的直接氮效应小于堆肥供氮总量的15%（5-15%），随后几年的直接氮效应为剩余堆肥供氮量的2-8%（-1）。模型计算表明，堆肥氮供应和氮的吸收和损失之间的平衡将在40-100年的时间内，当堆肥定期应用。提高知识的C-和N-营业额从堆肥和土壤有机质池将是一个具体的控制系统，包括对地下水的潜在负面影响的关键。(C)2003年，Elsevier SAS出版了医学科学版。All rights reserved.
According to the Austrian Water Act, the maximum permitted nitrogen load from fertilisers is 175 and 210 kg N ha(-1) year(-1) for arable land and for grassland, respectively. In organic farming, the maximum life stock related N load is restricted to 170 kg ha(-1) year(-1). In the regulations of the Austrian Program for Environmentally Sound Agriculture, it is assumed that 25% of the total N in fresh manure are available to plants in the first year, a value that may be disputed. Compared to other forms of fertiliser (mineral, slurry, animal manure or sewage sludge), biowaste compost leads to an enhanced enrichment of organic (humus-) nitrogen in the soil. Depending on the cultivation system a site-specific humus content and C/N ratio will be reached. In the present paper, several studies on N-mineralisation from composts are compiled. As a rule the immediate N-effect in the first year is less than 15% (5-15%) of the N-total-supply by compost followed by 2-8% year(-1) of the remaining compost-N in the following years. Model calculations show that the balance between compost-N supply and N-uptake and losses will be obtained within periods of 40-100 years when compost is applied regularly. Improved knowledge of the C- and N-turnover from composts and in the soil organic matter pools will be the key to a specific control of the system including the potential negative impact on the ground water. (C) 2003 Editions scientifiques er medicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved.