Direct and indirect effects of noise pollution alter biological communities in and near noise-exposed environments.
Direct and indirect effects of noise pollution alter biological communities in and near noise-exposed environments.
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噪声污染的直接和间接影响改变了噪声环境中及其附近的生物群落。
DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2020.0176
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Francis CD.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Senzaki M;Kadoya T;Francis CD.
噪音污染在地球上的每一个生态系统中都很普遍。尽管数十年的研究已经记录了噪音对生物体的各种负面影响，但关键的差距仍然存在，例如噪音如何影响生物群落中的不同类群，以及噪音的影响如何在空间传播。我们实验性地将交通噪声污染应用于多个无路区域，并量化噪声对鸟类、蝗虫和蜻蜓的影响。我们发现，声学导向的鸟类减少了物种丰富度和丰度和不同的社区组成实验噪声暴露区相对于可比的安静的位置。我们还发现，无论是声学定向蚱蜢和odonates没有声受体减少物种丰富度和/或丰度在相对安静的地区，毗邻噪音暴露的地区。这些结果表明，噪声污染不仅影响声学导向的动物，但噪声可能会通过间接影响那些没有明确的链接到声学领域，即使在邻近的安静环境中的生物群落回荡。
Noise pollution is pervasive across every ecosystem on Earth. Although decades of research have documented a variety of negative impacts of noise to organisms, key gaps remain, such as how noise affects different taxa within a biological community and how effects of noise propagate across space. We experimentally applied traffic noise pollution to multiple roadless areas and quantified the impacts of noise on birds, grasshoppers and odonates. We show that acoustically oriented birds have reduced species richness and abundance and different community compositions in experimentally noise-exposed areas relative to comparable quiet locations. We also found both acoustically oriented grasshoppers and odonates without acoustic receptors to have reduced species richness and/or abundance in relatively quiet areas that abut noise-exposed areas. These results suggest that noise pollution not only affects acoustically oriented animals, but that noise may reverberate through biological communities through indirect effects to those with no clear links to the acoustic realm, even in adjacent quiet environments.