b-Lactamases in Laboratory and Clinical Resistance
b-Lactamases in Laboratory and Clinical Resistance
复制标题
β-内酰胺酶的实验室和临床耐药性
DOI：
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
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通讯作者：
David M Livermore
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
David M Livermore
简介......................................................................................................................................................................557 β-内酰胺酶的作用.......................................................................................................................................558 β-内酰胺酶的分类....................................................................................................................................558 β-内酰胺酶的分布....................................................................................................................................558 染色体酶....................................................................................................................................................558质粒介导的和其他次级 β-内酰胺酶...................................................................................................................559 酶产生的频率....................................................................................................................................................559 抗性中 β-内酰胺酶功能的决定因素.......................................................................................................................560 位置.......................................................................................................................................................................................560 动力学.......................................................................................................................................................................................560 酶数量......................................................................................................................................................................560 理化条件...................................................................................................................................................560 决定因素的相互作用....................................................................................................................................................560 耐药性的定义....................................................................................................................................................561 不同 β-内酰胺酶对耐药性的影响....................................................................................................................561 革兰氏阳性β-内酰胺酶种类......................................................................................................................................562 葡萄球菌青霉素酶...................................................................................................................................562 其他革兰氏阳性细菌.......................................................................................................................................563 肠杆菌染色体b-内酰胺酶.......................................................................................................................563 大肠杆菌和志贺氏菌......................................................................................................................................563 肠杆菌属，弗氏柠檬酸杆菌、沙雷氏菌、摩根氏菌、斯氏普罗维登斯菌和雷氏假单胞菌.......................................................................................................................564 克雷伯杆菌..................................................................................................................................................................566 普通变形杆菌和多样化柠檬酸杆菌..........................................................................................................................................567 奇异变形杆菌..................................................................................................................................................................................568营养丰富的非发酵菌的染色体 b-内酰胺酶 ..................................................................................568 铜绿假单胞菌 ..................................................................................................................................................568 嗜麦芽寡养单胞菌 ..................................................................................................................................................569 不动杆菌属 ..................................................................................................................................................................569 其他非苛养菌非发酵菌......................................................................................................................................569 非耐久革兰氏阴性菌的质粒介导的和其他次级b-内酰胺酶....................................................................................................................570 分布和多样性....................................................................................................................................................570 次级b-内酰胺酶对耐药性的影响....................................................................................................................571 TEM-1、TEM-2 和SHV-1 酶......................................................................................................................................571 经典 OXA 和 PSE 酶，以及较罕见的窄谱酶..................................................................................572 广谱 TEM 和 SHV β-内酰胺酶..........................................................................................................572 抑制剂抗性 TEM 突变体...................................................................................................................................573 与 TEM 和 SHV 无关的广谱次级 β-内酰胺酶SHV................................................................................574 挑剔的革兰氏阴性菌和卡他莫拉氏菌..................................................................575 嗜血杆菌和奈瑟氏菌..................................................................................................................................575 卡他莫拉氏菌..................................................................................................................................................576 拟杆菌属..................................................................................................................................和其他革兰氏阴性厌氧菌......................................................................................576 β-内酰胺酶生产测试....................................................................................................................577 根据抗菌谱预测酶类型....................................................................................................................578 致谢....................................................................................................................................................578 参考文献....................................................................................................................................................578
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................................557 ACTION OF b-LACTAMASES ................................................................................................................................558 CLASSIFICATION OF b-LACTAMASES ..............................................................................................................558 DISTRIBUTION OF b-LACTAMASES...................................................................................................................558 Chromosomal Enzymes ..........................................................................................................................................558 Plasmid-Mediated and Other Secondary b-Lactamases...................................................................................559 Frequency of Enzyme Production.........................................................................................................................559 DETERMINANTS OF b-LACTAMASE FUNCTION IN RESISTANCE ...........................................................560 Location....................................................................................................................................................................560 Kinetics.....................................................................................................................................................................560 Enzyme Quantity.....................................................................................................................................................560 Physiochemical Conditions....................................................................................................................................560 Interplay of Determinants .....................................................................................................................................560 DEFINITION OF RESISTANCE .............................................................................................................................561 EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT b-LACTAMASES ON RESISTANCE ....................................................................561 b-LACTAMASES OF GRAM-POSITIVE SPECIES..............................................................................................562 Staphylococcal Penicillinase..................................................................................................................................562 Other Gram-Positive Bacteria ..............................................................................................................................563 CHROMOSOMAL b-LACTAMASES OF ENTEROBACTERIA.........................................................................563 E. coli and Shigellae ...............................................................................................................................................563 Enterobacter spp., Citrobacter freundii, Serratia spp., Morganella morganii, Providencia stuartii, and P. rettgeri.......................................................................................................................................................564 Klebsiellae................................................................................................................................................................566 Proteus vulgaris and Citrobacter diversus...............................................................................................................567 Proteus mirabilis.......................................................................................................................................................568 CHROMOSOMAL b-LACTAMASES OF NUTRITIONALLY VERSATILE NONFERMENTERS ...............568 Pseudomonas aeruginosa..........................................................................................................................................568 Stenotrophomonas maltophilia .................................................................................................................................569 Acinetobacter spp......................................................................................................................................................569 Other Nonfastidious Nonfermenters....................................................................................................................569 PLASMID-MEDIATED AND OTHER SECONDARY b-LACTAMASES OF NONFASTIDIOUS GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA .......................................................................................................................570 Distribution and Diversity.....................................................................................................................................570 Effects of Secondary b-Lactamases on Resistance.............................................................................................571 TEM-1, TEM-2, and SHV-1 enzymes...............................................................................................................571 Classical OXA and PSE enzymes, and rarer narrow-spectrum enzymes ...................................................572 Extended-spectrum TEM and SHV b-lactamases..........................................................................................572 Inhibitor-resistant TEM mutants.....................................................................................................................573 Extended-spectrum secondary b-lactamases not related to TEM and SHV..............................................574 FASTIDIOUS GRAM-NEGATIVE ORGANISMS AND MORAXELLA CATARRHALIS ..................................575 Haemophilus and Neisseria spp..............................................................................................................................575 Moraxella catarrhalis ...............................................................................................................................................576 BACTEROIDES SPP. AND OTHER GRAM-NEGATIVE ANAEROBES............................................................576 TESTS FOR b-LACTAMASE PRODUCTION.......................................................................................................577 PREDICTING ENZYME TYPE FROM THE ANTIBIOGRAM..........................................................................578 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...........................................................................................................................................578 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................................578