ESTIMATING THE HAZARDS OF LESS HAZARDOUS CIGARETTES .2. STUDY OF CIGARETTE YIELDS OF NICOTINE, CARBON-MONOXIDE, AND HYDROGEN-CYANIDE IN RELATION TO LEVELS OF COTININE, CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN, AND THIOCYANATE IN SMOKERS
ESTIMATING THE HAZARDS OF LESS HAZARDOUS CIGARETTES .2. STUDY OF CIGARETTE YIELDS OF NICOTINE, CARBON-MONOXIDE, AND HYDROGEN-CYANIDE IN RELATION TO LEVELS OF COTININE, CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN, AND THIOCYANATE IN SMOKERS
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DOI：
10.1080/15287398109529990
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发表时间：
1981-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
ROBINSON, JC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
RICKERT, WS;ROBINSON, JC
吸烟机所确定的焦油、尼古丁、一氧化碳和HCN等化学成分的含量通常被认为是与吸烟某一品牌香烟有关的相对危害的合理指标。结果表明，这一假设应仔细重新审查。受试者（240），代表广泛的吸烟和品牌特征，被招募的品牌收益率和暴露（HbCO，呼吸CO，血浆可替宁，血浆硫氰酸盐和唾液硫氰酸盐的水平）之间的可能关系的调查。暴露量与消费量（每天的香烟数量）高度相关，但当消费水平保持不变时，任何暴露量估计值与品牌收益率之间没有相关性。对16名低危害卷烟品牌吸烟者和15名高危害卷烟品牌吸烟者的HbCO和血浆硫氰酸盐水平进行比较，发现两组之间差异不大，尽管平均卷烟产量相差2至3倍。对这些结果的一种可能的解释可能是，平均抽吸量、持续时间和间隔的当前值与吸烟机编程中使用的值存在显著差异，特别是在尼古丁释放量较低的品牌的情况下。
Yields of chemical constituents such as tar, nicotine, CO and HCN defined by smoking machines are commonly assumed to provide a reasonable indication of the relative hazard associated with smoking a given brand of cigarette. Results suggest that this assumption should be carefully reexamined. Subjects (240), representing a wide range of smoking and brand characteristics, were recruited for an investigation of possible relations between brand yields and exposure (levels of HbCO, breath CO, plasma cotinine, plasma thiocyanate and saliva thiocyanate). Exposure was highly correlated with consumption (number of cigarettes/day) but there was no correlation between any estimate of exposure and brand yield when level of consumption was held constant. A comparison of levels of HbCO and plasma thiocyanate for 16 smokers of low-hazard and 15 smokers of high-hazard cigarette brands revealed little difference between the 2 groups, even though average cigarette yields differed as much as 2- to 3-fold. A possible explanation for the results may be that current values for average puff volume, duration and interval differed significantly from those used in programming smoking machines, particularly in the case of brands with low nicotine delivery.