Japan's Tohoku earthquake: 1 year on
Japan's Tohoku earthquake: 1 year on
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日本东北地震：一周年过去了
DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60378-x
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. McCurry
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. McCurry
一年前，一场里氏9.0级地震和海啸使日本陷入二战以来最严重的危机。一年后，日本健康状况受到的深远影响正在显现。在日本东北部东北地区沿海数十个受灾社区，食品、水、药品、暖气和适当住房的短缺已经让位于对数十万人健康长期后果的担忧。3月11日下午，海啸席卷海岸，造成近2万人死亡。在经历了数月的困惑之后，专家们对福岛第一核电站事故可能产生的影响有了更清晰的认识。根据初步研究，居住在核设施附近的人们受到的辐射剂量可能太小，不会产生太大的影响，即使是那些在三次熔毁期间住在附近的人也是如此。三次熔毁是在高达14米的巨浪破坏了核电站的备用冷却系统后不久发生的。然而，联合国对该事故的全面研究要到2013年5月才会公布。专家说，迄今测量到的相对较小的剂量可能会给长期测量福岛影响的努力带来问题。即将成为美国国家辐射防护和测量委员会主席的癌症专家John Boice最近在华盛顿国家新闻俱乐部的一次小组讨论中说：“没有机会进行有任何成功机会的流行病学研究。”“剂量太低了。如果你要做一个提案，它不会通过科学审查。”
The far-reaching effects on health in Japan are becoming apparent 1 year after a magnitude-9· 0 earthquake and tsunami plunged the country into its worst crisis since World War II. In the dozens of ravaged communities along the coast of the Tohoku region, northeast Japan, shortages of food, water, medicine, heat, and proper housing have given way to rising concern over the longterm consequences for the health of hundreds of thousands of people forced from their homes by the tsunami that roared ashore on the afternoon of March 11, killing almost 20 000 people. And, after months of confusion, experts have brought greater clarity to the possible repercussions of the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. According to preliminary studies, the doses of radiation received by people living near the nuclear facility were probably too small to have much of an effect, even among those who were in the vicinity during the triple meltdowns that occurred soon after waves of up to 14 m in height crippled the plant’s backup cooling systems. A comprehensive UN study into the accident will not be published until May, 2013, however.The relatively small doses measured so far could pose problems for long-term attempts to measure the Fukushima effect, say experts.“There is no opportunity for conducting epi demiological studies that have any chance of success”, John Boice, a cancer specialist who will soon become president of the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements, said at a recent panel discussion at the National Press Club in Washington, DC.“The doses are just too low. If you were to do a proposal, it would not pass scientific review.”