Short-term perceptual learning in visual conjunction search.
Short-term perceptual learning in visual conjunction search.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0036337
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发表时间：
2014-04
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Yuling Su;Yunpeng Lai;Wanyi Huang;W. Tan;Zhe Qu;Yulong Ding
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yuling Su;Yunpeng Lai;Wanyi Huang;W. Tan;Zhe Qu;Yulong Ding
虽然一些研究表明训练可以提高跨维度合取搜索能力，但其内在机制却知之甚少。具体来说，目前还不清楚是否训练的视觉连接搜索可以成功地绑定到一个新的功能单元在视觉处理的早期阶段分离的维度的不同功能。本研究利用刺激的特异性和泛化性来探讨视觉联合搜索中知觉学习的机制。五个实验一致表明，经过40至50分钟的颜色-形状/方向联合搜索的训练，搜索某一联合目标的能力显着提高，学习效果并没有转移到一个新的目标，不同于训练的目标的颜色和形状/方向的特征。然而，学习效果并不是严格特定的。在色-形联合搜索中，虽然学习效果不能转移到同形异色目标上，但几乎完全转移到同色异形目标上。在颜色-方位联合搜索中，学习效果部分转移到与训练目标颜色相同或方位相同的新目标上。此外，颜色-方位联合搜索中同一颜色目标和同一方位目标的迁移效应之和与训练目标的学习效应代数等价，表现出加性迁移效应。颜色-形状和颜色-方向联合搜索学习中的不同迁移模式可能反映了特征维度之间复杂性和区分度的不同。这些结果表明，基于特征的注意增强机制，而不是单位化机制的颜色形状/方向联合搜索的短期PL。
Although some studies showed that training can improve the ability of cross-dimension conjunction search, less is known about the underlying mechanism. Specifically, it remains unclear whether training of visual conjunction search can successfully bind different features of separated dimensions into a new function unit at early stages of visual processing. In the present study, we utilized stimulus specificity and generalization to provide a new approach to investigate the mechanisms underlying perceptual learning (PL) in visual conjunction search. Five experiments consistently showed that after 40 to 50 min of training of color-shape/orientation conjunction search, the ability to search for a certain conjunction target improved significantly and the learning effects did not transfer to a new target that differed from the trained target in both color and shape/orientation features. However, the learning effects were not strictly specific. In color-shape conjunction search, although the learning effect could not transfer to a same-shape different-color target, it almost completely transferred to a same-color different-shape target. In color-orientation conjunction search, the learning effect partly transferred to a new target that shared same color or same orientation with the trained target. Moreover, the sum of transfer effects for the same color target and the same orientation target in color-orientation conjunction search was algebraically equivalent to the learning effect for trained target, showing an additive transfer effect. The different transfer patterns in color-shape and color-orientation conjunction search learning might reflect the different complexity and discriminability between feature dimensions. These results suggested a feature-based attention enhancement mechanism rather than a unitization mechanism underlying the short-term PL of color-shape/orientation conjunction search.