Illicit opiold use in Canada:: Comparing social, health, and drug use characteristics of untreated users in five cities (OPICAN study)
Illicit opiold use in Canada:: Comparing social, health, and drug use characteristics of untreated users in five cities (OPICAN study)
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DOI：
10.1093/jurban/jti049
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
6.6
通讯作者：
Baliunas, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fischer, B;Rehm, J;Baliunas, D
加拿大估计有12.5万注射吸毒者（IDUs），其中大多数人使用非法阿片类药物，并接受外部治疗（即美沙酮维持治疗）。经验数据表明，未经治疗的非法阿片类药物使用者具有各种健康和社会问题特征，包括多种药物使用、身心疾病、社会边缘化和犯罪。虽然需要循证规划，但迄今为止，加拿大关于这一特定物质使用者群体的系统信息很少。本文介绍并比较了加拿大五个城市非法阿片类药物使用者在治疗外的主要特征（OPICAN coort）。总体而言，大多数OPICAN参与者经常使用各种非法类阿片和可卡因或快克，报告身体和精神健康（例如情绪障碍）问题，缺乏永久性住房，参与犯罪，并且无法获得“理想”治疗。然而，显示了关键的地方样本差异，包括海洛因与处方阿片类药物使用模式、额外可卡因与快克使用水平以及社会边缘化指标。加拿大各地的非法阿片类药物使用者在关键的社会、健康和药物使用指标方面存在差异，这些指标对干预措施至关重要，并且往往在较大和较小的城市站点之间得到证明。需要采取不同的干预措施。
Most of the estimated 125,000 injection drug users (IDUs) in Canada use illicit opioids and are outside treatment (i.e., methadone maintenance treatment). Empirical data suggest that illicit opioid users outside treatment are characterized by various health and social problem characteristics, including polydrug use, physical and mental morbidity, social marginalization, and crime. Although required for evidence-based programming, systematic information on this specific substance-user population is sparse in Canada to date. This article presents and compares key characteristics of population of illicit opioid users outside treatment in five cities across Canada (OPICAN cobort). Overall, the majority of OPICAN participants regularly used both a variety of illicit opioids and cocaine or crack, reported physical and mental health (e.g., mood disorder) problems, lacked permanent housing, were involved in crime, and bad their "ideal" treatment not available to them. However, key local sample differences were shown, including patterns of heroin versus prescription opioid use and levels of additional cocaine versus crack use as well as indicators of social marginalization. Illicit opioid user population across Canada differ on key social, health, and drug use indicators that are crucial for interventions and are often demonstrated between larger and smaller city sites. Differentiated interventions are required.