The epigenetics of breast cancer - Opportunities for diagnostics, risk stratification and therapy.
The epigenetics of breast cancer - Opportunities for diagnostics, risk stratification and therapy.
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乳腺癌的表观遗传学 - 诊断、风险分层和治疗的机会。
DOI：
10.1080/15592294.2021.1940644
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发表时间：
2022-06
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Duque-Afonso, Jesus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schroeder, Rieke;Illert, Anna-Lena;Erbes, Thalia;Flotho, Christian;Luebbert, Michael;Duque-Afonso, Jesus
乳腺癌的分期和分子病理学依赖的预后、三阴性乳腺癌有限的治疗选择以及对治疗的耐药性的发展说明了改进早期诊断和开发新的治疗方法的必要性。越来越多的数据表明，这些挑战的一些答案可以在表观遗传学领域找到。在这项研究中，我们重点介绍了乳腺癌表观遗传学的研究现状，特别是表观遗传学在诊断、风险分层和治疗方面的临床应用潜力。过去，特定基因区域的不同DNA甲基化状态被用来区分乳腺癌细胞和正常组织。检测包括微RNA在内的循环核酸以早期发现乳腺癌的新技术正在涌现。DNA甲基化模式和组蛋白修饰酶的表达已成功地用于风险分层。然而，所有这些表观遗传生物标记物都应该在更大的临床研究中得到验证。最近的临床前和临床研究表明，表观遗传活性药物对仍然难以治疗(三阴性，UICC IV期)的乳腺癌实体具有治疗益处。值得注意的是，表观遗传疗法与化疗或基于激素的疗法相结合是最有希望的策略。在目前阶段，将表观遗传物质整合到已建立的乳腺癌治疗方案中似乎是表观遗传学研究临床应用的最大潜力。
The stage and molecular pathology-dependent prognosis of breast cancer, the limited treatment options for triple-negative carcinomas, as well as the development of resistance to therapies illustrate the need for improved early diagnosis and the development of new therapeutic approaches. Increasing data suggests that some answers to these challenges could be found in the area of epigenetics. In this study, we focus on the current research of the epigenetics of breast cancer, especially on the potential of epigenetics for clinical application in diagnostics, risk stratification and therapy. The differential DNA methylation status of specific gene regions has been used in the past to differentiate breast cancer cells from normal tissue. New technologies as detection of circulating nucleic acids including microRNAs to early detect breast cancer are emerging. Pattern of DNA methylation and expression of histone-modifying enzymes have been successfully used for risk stratification. However, all these epigenetic biomarkers should be validated in larger clinical studies. Recent preclinical and clinical studies show a therapeutic benefit of epigenetically active drugs for breast cancer entities that are still difficult to treat (triple negative, UICC stage IV). Remarkably, epigenetic therapies combined with chemotherapies or hormone-based therapies represent the most promising strategy. At the current stage, the integration of epigenetic substances into established breast cancer therapy protocols seems to hold the greatest potential for a clinical application of epigenetic research.
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影响因子：
7.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
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