Emergence.
Emergence.
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DOI：
10.5860/choice.35-6184
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发表时间：
1997-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
J. Holland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Holland
来自出版商：来自当今最具创新精神的思想家之一的第一本仔细探索涌现的书--一个出人意料的简单概念(整体超过其各部分的总和)，对科学、商业和艺术具有巨大的影响。在这项工作中，圣达菲研究所复杂性研究的领导者约翰·霍兰德戏剧性地表明，涌现理论可以预测许多复杂的行为，并有很多关于生活、思维和组织的知识可以教给我们。在《浮现》一书中，霍兰德证明，少量的法律规则可以产生令人惊讶的复杂系统。棋类游戏提供了一个古老而直接的例子：国际象棋是由不到24条规则定义的，但由此产生的无数模式导致了永久的新奇和出现。人们花了几个世纪的时间才认识到某些游戏模式，比如棋子阵型的控制。但一旦被认识到，这些模式极大地提高了赢得比赛的可能性。在我们世界的其他方面发现类似的模式，为更深入地理解生命的复杂性开辟了道路，回答了这样的问题：受精卵如何规划万亿细胞有机体的发育？我们如何通过创新建立对变化做出快速反应的人类组织？在整本书中，霍兰德比较了不同的制度和模式，这些制度和模式展示了在寻求共同规则或法律的过程中出现的情况。
From the Publisher: From one of today's most innovative thinkers comes the first book to carefully explore emergence - a surprisingly simple notion (the whole is more than the sum of its parts) with enormous implications for science, business, and the arts. In this work, John Holland, a leader in the study of complexity at the Santa Fe Institute, dramatically shows that a theory of emergence can predict many complex behaviors, and has much to teach us about life, the mind, and organizations. In Emergence, Holland demonstrates that a small number of rules of laws can generate systems of surprising complexity. Board games provide an ancient and direct example: Chess is defined by fewer than two dozen rules, but the myriad patterns that result lead to perpetual novelty and emergence. It took centuries of study to recognize certain patterns of play, such as the control of pawn formations. But once recognized, these patterns greatly enhance the possibility of winning the game. The discovery of similar patterns in other facets of our world opens the way to a deeper understanding of the complexity of life, answering such questions as: How does a fertilized egg program the development of a trillion-cell organism? How can we build human organizations that respond rapidly to change through innovation? Throughout the book, Holland compares different systems and models that exhibit emergence in the quest for common rules or laws.