The Toll Signaling Pathway in the Chinese Oak Silkworm, Antheraea pernyi: Innate Immune Responses to Different Microorganisms.
The Toll Signaling Pathway in the Chinese Oak Silkworm, Antheraea pernyi: Innate Immune Responses to Different Microorganisms.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0160200
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Qin L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sun Y;Jiang Y;Wang Y;Li X;Yang R;Yu Z;Qin L
Toll信号通路是调节昆虫天然免疫的重要信号通路之一。Spatzle是一种关键蛋白，其作为Toll受体配体起作用以触发免疫相关基因的Toll依赖性表达。本研究从柞蚕中克隆了一个新的spatzle基因（ApSPZ）。该基因全长1065 bp，开放阅读框（ORF）为777 bp，编码258个氨基酸。该蛋白的估计分子量为29.71 kDa，等电点（PI）为8.53。ApSPZ是一种核分泌蛋白，没有保守的结构域或膜螺旋，与烟草天蛾的SPZ有40%的氨基酸同源性。系统发育分析表明，ApSPZ可能是Spatzle超家族中Spatzle 1型家族的一个新成员。Toll途径中涉及的几个基因的表达模式进行了研究，在不同的发育阶段和不同组织中的5龄幼虫。检测的靶标包括A. pernyi spatzle、GNBP、MyD 88、Tolloid、仙人掌和dorsalA. RT-PCR结果显示，这些基因主要在免疫应答的脂肪体组织中表达，表明这些基因在A. pernyi先天免疫。此外，A.用真菌Pennyi微孢子虫和革兰氏阳性细菌Enterococcus pernyi感染而不是革兰氏阴性细菌Escherichia coli，激活了Toll信号通路。这些结果代表了对A. pernyi，这提供了对A. pernyi先天免疫系统。
The Toll pathway is one of the most important signaling pathways regulating insect innate immunity. Spatzle is a key protein that functions as a Toll receptor ligand to trigger Toll-dependent expression of immunity-related genes. In this study, a novel spatzle gene (ApSPZ) from the Chinese oak silkworm Antheraea pernyi was identified. The ApSPZ cDNA is 1065 nucleotides with an open reading frame (ORF) of 777 bp encoding a protein of 258 amino acids. The protein has an estimated molecular weight of 29.71 kDa and an isoelectric point (PI) of 8.53. ApSPZ is a nuclear and secretory protein with no conserved domains or membrane helices and shares 40% amino acid identity with SPZ from Manduca sexta. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that ApSPZ might be a new member of the Spatzle type 1 family, which belongs to the Spatzle superfamily. The expression patterns of several genes involved in the Toll pathway were examined at different developmental stages and various tissues in 5th instar larvae. The examined targets included A. pernyi spatzle, GNBP, MyD88, Tolloid, cactus and dorsalA. The RT-PCR results showed that these genes were predominantly expressed in immune-responsive fat body tissue, indicating that the genes play a crucial role in A. pernyi innate immunity. Moreover, A. pernyi infection with the fungus Nosema pernyi and the gram-positive bacterium Enterococcus pernyi, but not the gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli, activated the Toll signaling pathway. These results represent the first study of the Toll pathway in A. pernyi, which provides insight into the A. pernyi innate immune system.