The Efficiency of Race-Neutral Alternatives to Race-Based Affirmative Action: Evidence from Chicago&Apos;S Exam Schools
The Efficiency of Race-Neutral Alternatives to Race-Based Affirmative Action: Evidence from Chicago&Apos;S Exam Schools
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种族中立替代基于种族的平权行动的效率：来自芝加哥的证据
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Parag A. Pathak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Glenn Ellison;Parag A. Pathak
一些 K-12 和大学系统已采用种族中立的平权行动来代替基于种族的替代方案。本文探讨了这些计划是否能有效替代芝加哥公立学校 (CPS) 的种族配额，该学校目前在其选择性考试高中采用种族中立、基于地点的平权行动制度。与明确考虑种族的计划相比，CPS 计划是无效的：在同等水平的种族多样性下，顶尖学校平均入学分数下降的大约四分之三是可以避免的。此外，与之前的种族配额制度相比，CPS 计划在增加低收入学生方面的效果较差。我们开发了一个理论框架，根据学生对特定多样性水平的准备程度的扭曲来量化种族中立政策的低效率，并用它来评估几种替代方案。 CPS 计划可以通过多种方式进行改进，但没有任何种族中立政策能够在不造成更大扭曲的情况下将少数族裔代表权恢复到之前的水平，这意味着禁止明确使用种族因素会带来巨大的效率成本。 （JEL H75、I21、I28、J15）
Several K-12 and university systems have adopted race-neutral affirmative action in place of race-based alternatives. This paper explores whether these plans are effective substitutes for racial quotas in Chicago Public Schools (CPS), which now employs a race-neutral, place-based affirmative action system at its selective exam high schools. The CPS plan is ineffective compared to plans that explicitly consider race: about three-quarters of the reduction in average entrance scores at the top schools could have been avoided with the same level of racial diversity. Moreover, the CPS plan is less effective at adding low-income students than was the previous system of racial quotas. We develop a theoretical framework that motivates quantifying the inefficiency of race-neutral policies based on the distortion in student preparedness they create for a given level of diversity and use it to evaluate several alternatives. The CPS plan can be improved in several ways, but no race-neutral policy restores minority representation to prior levels without substantially greater distortions, implying significant efficiency costs from prohibitions on the explicit use of race. (JEL H75, I21, I28, J15)
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
STEELE, CM;ARONSON, J
通讯作者：
ARONSON, J