Animal models of cerebral ischemia for evaluation of drugs.
Animal models of cerebral ischemia for evaluation of drugs.
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发表时间：
2004-10
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Y. Gupta;S. Briyal
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文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Gupta;S. Briyal
中风是全世界死亡和残疾的一个主要原因。随着中风发病率的增加，由此给社会带来的负担也在不断增加。脑梗塞是用来描述急性中风的一个术语，它强调需要采取紧急行动来纠正这种情况。虽然大量的治疗药物，如溶栓剂、NMDA受体拮抗剂、钙通道阻滞剂和抗氧化剂，已经使用或正在评估中，但这些药物的益处与理想的中风药物应该提供的特性之间仍然存在很大差距。近年来，中药制剂、抗氧化剂及COX-2抑制剂等联合疗法在脑卒中实验模型中的应用备受关注。为了更好地对药物进行评估，并提高其从动物实验到临床环境的可预测性，人们已经认识到，动物模型的选择，待评估的参数应该严格评估。局灶性和全局性脑缺血代表了人群中常见的疾病。了解这些疾病的损伤和神经保护机制对了解治疗缺血的新靶点具有重要意义。有许多动物模型可用于研究损伤机制和神经保护策略。本文就局灶性和全局性脑缺血动物模型进行综述，并对其优缺点进行评价。
Stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide. The resulting burden on the society continues to grow, with increase in the incidence of stroke. Brain attack is a term introduced to describe the acute presentation of stroke, which emphasizes the need for urgent action to remedy the situation. Though a large number of therapeutic agents like thrombolytics, NMDA receptor antagonists, calcium channel blockers and antioxidants, have been used or being evaluated, there remains a large gap between the benefits by these agents and properties an ideal drug for stroke should offer. In recent years much attention is being paid towards the exploration of herbal preparation, antioxidant agents and combination therapies including COX-2 inhibitors in experimental model of stroke. For better evaluation of the drugs and enhancement of their predictability from animal experimentation to clinical settings, it has been realized that the selection of animal models, the parameters to be evaluated should be critically assessed. Focal and global cerebral ischemia represents diseases that are common in the human population. Understanding the mechanisms of injury and neuroprotection in these diseases is important to learn new target sites to treat ischemia. There are many animal models available to investigate injury mechanisms and neuroprotective strategies. In this article we attempted to summarize commonly explored animal models of focal and global cerebral ischemia and evaluate their advantages and limitations.