Memory and navigation: Compression of space varies with route length and turns
Memory and navigation: Compression of space varies with route length and turns
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DOI：
10.1002/hipo.22539
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Moscovitch, Morris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bonasia, Kyra;Blommesteyn, Joseph;Moscovitch, Morris
为了使记忆在回忆、解决问题和计划时有效和有用，检索必须及时压缩。来自啮齿类动物的证据表明，在空间记忆回放过程中，神经压缩的差异很大，压缩比的范围从6:1到64:1不等。轶事证据表明，类似的压缩也发生在人类的心理导航过程中：我们几乎每天都会无数次地回忆如何从一个地方到另一个地方，而这种回忆所花费的时间永远不会像实际旅行所花费的时间那样长。在这个实验中，我们试图确定这种行为压缩是否可以在人类的心理导航过程中测量（空间记忆回放），以及哪些因素可能影响这种空间记忆的压缩。为此，30名参与者在两个地标之间进行心理导航，这些地标的长度和转弯次数各不相同，我们测量了重放时间，并记录了熟悉度、细节和存在程度的评分。一个多层次的模型被用来确定哪些因素与压缩变化有关。从该模型中可以看出，线路长度和匝数与压缩显著相关，即线路越长，压缩越大，而随着线路匝数的增加，压缩越弱。这表明回忆过程中的压缩可能受到路线的特定特征的影响，特别是那些可能对空间或事件进行分割的特征。(c) 2015 Wiley期刊公司
For memory to be efficient and useful during recall, problem-solving, and planning, retrieval must be compressed in time. Evidence from rodents suggests that neural compression during replay of spatial memories varies widely, with a range of compression ratios reported from 6:1 to 64:1. Anecdotal evidence suggests that similar compression occurs during mental navigation in humans: we recall how to get from one place to another countless times almost every day of our lives, and this recall never takes as long as physically travelling those routes would take. In this experiment we sought to determine whether this behavioural compression could be measured during mental navigation in humans (spatial memory replay), and which factors might affect the compression of such spatial memories. To this end, thirty participants mentally navigated routes between two landmarks, which varied in length and number of turns, as we measured replay times and recorded ratings of familiarity, detail, and presence. A multi-level model was used to determine which factors were associated with variation in compression. Route length and number of turns emerged from this model as significantly correlated with compression, such that longer routes were more compressed while compression was attenuated as the number of turns in a route increased. This suggests that compression during recall may be affected by specific features of a route, especially those that may act to segment the space or event being represented. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.