Depression through the first year after the death of a spouse.
Depression through the first year after the death of a spouse.
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配偶去世后第一年的抑郁症。
DOI：
10.1176/ajp.148.10.1346
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shuchter,SR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zisook,S;Shuchter,SR
目的本研究评估配偶去世后头13个月内抑郁综合症的发生频率。方法通过死亡证明记录识别配偶最近去世的男性和女性。这些受试者完成了多维调查问卷，并在死亡后 7-8 周（2 个月）接受了采访。死亡后7个月和13个月完成随访调查问卷。调查问卷包含与 DSM-III-R 抑郁发作标准相对应的具体项目，以及其他广泛使用的抑郁症状测量方法，如 Zung 抑郁量表和霍普金斯症状检查表。结果 350 名寡妇和鳏夫中有 84 名 (24%) 在 2 个月时符合抑郁发作标准，308 名妇女中有 72 名 (23%) 在 7 个月时符合抑郁发作标准，46 名在 7 个月时符合抑郁发作标准。 286 人中的 16% 在 13 个月时这样做了。在每个时间段，抑郁症的患病率都显着高于对照组（由 126 名配偶仍在世的受试者组成的对照组）观察到的 4% 的抑郁发作率。最有可能在丧亲之痛后 13 个月符合抑郁发作标准的寡妇和鳏夫更年轻，有重度抑郁症既往史，在失去亲人后 2 个月仍处于悲伤之中，并符合死亡后 2 和/或 7 个月抑郁发作的 DSM-III-R 标准。结论 配偶去世后抑郁发作很常见。临床医生应对抑郁症的可能性保持高度怀疑，特别是对于有抑郁症既往病史或在失去亲人后不久经历完全抑郁综合症的年轻寡妇和鳏夫。
ObjectiveThis study assesses the frequency of depressive syndromes during the first 13 months after the death of a spouse.MethodMen and women whose spouses had recently died were identified through death certificate records. These subjects completed a multidimensional questionnaire and were interviewed 7-8 weeks (2 months) after the death. Follow-up questionnaires were completed 7 and 13 months after the death. The questionnaires contained specific items corresponding to DSM-III-R criteria for depressive episodes as well as other widely used measures of depressive symptoms such as the Zung Depression Scale and the Hopkins Symptom Checklist.ResultsEighty-four (24%) of 350 widows and widowers met criteria for depressive episodes at 2 months, 72 (23%) of 308 did so at 7 months, and 46 (16%) of 286 did so at 13 months. At each time period, the prevalence was substantially higher than the 4% rate of depressive episodes observed in a comparison group of 126 subjects whose spouses were still living. Widows and widowers most likely to meet criteria for depressive episodes 13 months after the bereavement were younger, had past histories of major depression, were still grieving 2 months after the loss, and met DSM-III-R criteria for depressive episodes 2 and/or 7 months after the death.ConclusionsDepressive episodes are common after the death of a spouse. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for the possibility of depression, particularly in young widows and widowers who have a past history of depression or who experience a full depressive syndrome soon after the loss.