Organic Matter Fractions from Organically and Conventionally Managed Soils: II. Characterization of Composition
Organic Matter Fractions from Organically and Conventionally Managed Soils: II. Characterization of Composition
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来自有机和常规管理土壤的有机物质部分：II。
DOI：
10.2136/sssaj1996.03615995006000040018x
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Traína
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Wander;S. Traína
利用漫反射傅里叶变换红外光谱（DR-FTIR）技术研究了有机耕作和常规耕作措施对土壤有机质化学的影响。我们的特点是物理和化学分离的SOM馏分收集从Rodale的农业系统试验（FST）的实验和使用的比率反应（O-containing）和反硝化（C，H和/或N）官能团的高度，以表征SOM馏分的组成。基于峰比比较，我们确定，腐殖酸（HA）在粪肥修正的有机旋转比HA分离作物残留修正土壤的反应。活性/柠檬酸（O/R）的峰值比表明，富里酸（FA）和颗粒有机物或轻馏分（LF）在4月分离的有机现金粮食为基础的旋转是最活跃的。到6月LF反应性发生了变化; O/R比LF和凋落物（LT）组分分离的常规和有机现金谷物土壤大于粪肥改良土壤的比率。我们没有得出任何结论的管理影响SOM组成的细粘土（FC）和砂（S）大小的馏分光谱。利用DR-FTIR，我们可以对SOM组分的反应性进行排序;平均O/R比为FA > LT > HA > LF > FC。SOM组分O/R比和报告的C/N比或生物有效性之间没有一致的联系。腐殖酸O/R比值与其他估计的整体SOM生物活性最一致。需要更多的研究来澄清特定的有机质组分的组成和它们在矿质土壤中的功能意义之间的关系。
Diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared (DR-FTIR) spectroscopy was used to investigate the effects of organic and conventional management practices on soil organic matter (SOM) chemistry. We characterized physically and chemically isolated SOM fractions collected from Rodale's Farming Systems Trial (FST) experiment and used ratios of reactive (O-ontaining) and recalcitrant (C, H and/or N) functional group heights to characterize SOM fraction composition. Based on peak ratio comparisons, we determined that humic acid (HA) in the manure-amended organic rotation was more reactive than HA isolated from crop-residue-amended soils. Reactive/recalcitrant (O/R) peak ratios indicated that fulvic acid (FA) and particulate organic matter or light fraction (LF) isolated in April were most reactive in the organic cash-grain-based rotation. By June LF reactivity had changed; O/R ratios of LF and litter (LT) fractions isolated from the conventional and organic cash-grain soils were greater than the manure-amended soil's ratios. We did not draw any conclusions about management impacts on SOM composition from spectra of fine-clay(FC) and sand- (S) sized fractions. Using DR-FTIR we were able rank SOM fraction reactivity; average O/R ratios were FA > LT > HA > LF > FC. No consistent link between SOM fraction O/R ratios and reported C/N ratios or biological availability was made. Humic acid O/R ratios were most consistent with other estimates of overall SOM biological activity. More research is needed to clarify the relationship between the composition of specific SOM fractions and their functional significance in mineral soils.