Gulf of California biogeographic regions based on coastal zone color scanner imagery
Gulf of California biogeographic regions based on coastal zone color scanner imagery
复制标题
基于沿海地区彩色扫描仪图像的加利福尼亚湾生物地理区域
DOI：
10.1029/93jc02154
复制
发表时间：
1994
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. Muller‐Karger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Santamaría;S. Álvarez;F. Muller‐Karger
从地形上看，加州湾被分成一系列盆地和海沟，这些盆地和海沟向南加深。河口最大水深超过3000米。北方海湾的大部分深度不到200米。海湾具有有利于初级生产力提高的水文特征。根据冬春季东海岸和夏季西海岸的温度分布，描述了上升流事件。海湾上部的潮汐振幅可能高达9 m。在离散浮游植物采样的基础上，海湾以前被划分为四个地理区域。这种划分只考虑了空间分布，分类组成和丰富的microphytoplankton。利用海岸带彩色扫描仪（CZCS）图像，我们能够将颜料的时间变化包括在内，从而对海湾进行更详细的地理划分。每周合成的图像，我们产生的时间序列的颜料浓度为33个地点在整个海湾和整个寿命的CZCS。时间序列显示出明显的季节变化，冬季和春季最大，夏季最小。东海岸上升流的影响是显而易见的，具有高色素浓度。夏季上升流关闭的下加利福尼亚海岸的影响是不明显的，在这些时间序列。海湾西侧位置的时间序列也显示出冬季和春季的最大值，这是由于涡流环流从东侧带来了涌上来的水。应用主成分分析法确定了14个区域.在安赫尔·德·拉·瓜尔达和下加利福尼亚之间的巴列纳斯海峡和海湾上游总是显得非常独特。在这14个区域中，有些区域涉及重要的动物群的地理分布，包括底栖生物，或其生命周期。例如，上海湾是许多鱼类的繁殖地和托儿所，海洋哺乳动物和鸟类在Ballenas海峡特别丰富，沙丁鱼产卵大多发生在春季的中央海湾，虾在墨西哥大陆附近丰富。
Topographically, the Gulf of California is divided into a series of basins and trenches that deepen to the south. Maximum depth at the mouth is greater than 3000 m. Most of the northern gulf is less than 200 m deep. The gulf has hydrographic features conducive to high primary productivity. Upwelling events have been described on the basis of temperature distributions at the eastern coast during winter and spring and at the western coast during summer. Tidal amplitude may be as high as 9 m in the upper gulf. On the basis of discrete phytoplankton sampling, the gulf was previously divided into four geographic regions. This division took into consideration only the space distribution, taxonomic composition, and abundance of microphytopla nkton. With the availability of the coastal zone color scanner (CZCS) imagery, we were able to in clude the time variability of pigments to make a more detailed biogeographic division of the gulf. With weekly composites of the imagery, we generated time series of pigment concentrations for 33 locations throughout the gulf and for the whole life span of the CZCS. The time series show a clear seasonal variation, with maxima in winter and spring and minima in summer. The effect of upwelling at the eastern coast is clearly evident, with high pigment concentrations. The effect of the summer upwelling off the Baja California coast is not evident in these time series. Time series from locations on the western side of the gulf also show maxima in winter and spring that are due to the eddy circulation that brings upwelled water from the eastern side. Principal- component analysis was applied to define 14 regions. Ballenas Channel, between Angel de la Guarda and Baja California, and the upper gulf always appeared as very distinct regions. Some of these 14 regions relate to the geographic distributions of important faunal groups, including the benthos, or their life cycles. For example, the upper gulf is a place for reproduction and the nursery of many fish species, marine mammals and birds are specially abundant in Ballenas Channel, sardine spawning mostly occurs in the central gulf in spring, and shrimp are abundant off mainland Mexico.