Establishment of neural stem cell culture from the central nervous system of the Iberian ribbed newt Pleurodeles waltl
Establishment of neural stem cell culture from the central nervous system of the Iberian ribbed newt Pleurodeles waltl
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DOI：
10.1111/dgd.12820
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发表时间：
2022-10
期刊：
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Ryohei Seki-Omura;S. Hayashi;Souichi Oe;T. Koike;Y. Nakano;Y. Hirahara;Susumu Tanaka;M. Kitada
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ryohei Seki-Omura;S. Hayashi;Souichi Oe;T. Koike;Y. Nakano;Y. Hirahara;Susumu Tanaka;M. Kitada
有尾目两栖动物在各种器官中具有特殊的再生能力。其中，伊比利亚棱纹蝾螈（Pleurodeles waltl）已成为一个有用的模式生物研究再生的机制。神经干细胞（Neural Stem Cells，NSCs）是中枢神经系统（CNS）再生的重要来源，其体外培养方法已经建立。NSC形成称为神经球的球形细胞聚集体，并且它们的形成已在各种脊椎动物中得到证实，包括一些有尾目动物物种，但不在P. waltl中。在这项研究中，我们报告了变性后P. waltl的脑和脊髓源性细胞中的神经球形成。这些神经球表现出增殖活性和相似的标志蛋白表达。然而，发现表面形态根据它们的来源而变化，这意味着从大脑和脊髓产生的神经球的特征可能相似但不相同。随后的体外分化分析表明，脊髓源性神经球产生神经元和神经胶质细胞。我们还发现，在标准培养条件下，来自P. waltl的神经球中的细胞分化为少突胶质细胞，而来自蝾螈的神经球中的细胞据报道不分化为这种细胞类型。基于我们的研究结果，在P. waltl中植入转基因神经球以及相关的技术优势可以揭示未来完全脊髓再生能力所必需的关键基因和/或信号通路。
Urodele amphibians have exceptional regeneration ability in various organs. Among these, the Iberian ribbed newt (Pleurodeles waltl) has emerged as a useful model organism for investigating the mechanisms underlying regeneration. Neural stem cells (NSCs) are an important source of regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) and their culture method in vitro has been well established. NSCs form spherical cell aggregates called neurospheres and their formation has been demonstrated in various vertebrates, including some urodele species, but not in P. waltl. In this study, we reported neurosphere formation in brain‐ and spinal cord‐derived cells of post‐metamorphic P. waltl. These neurospheres showed proliferative activity and similar expression of marker proteins. However, the surface morphology was found to vary according to their origin, implying that the characteristics of the neurospheres generated from the brain and spinal cord could be similar but not identical. Subsequent in vitro differentiation analysis demonstrated that spinal cord‐derived neurospheres gave rise to neurons and glial cells. We also found that cells in neurospheres from P. waltl differentiated to oligodendrocytes, whereas those from axolotls were reported not to differentiate to this cell type under standard culture conditions. Based on our findings, implantation of genetically modified neurospheres together with associated technical advantages in P. waltl could reveal pivotal gene(s) and/or signaling pathway(s) essential for the complete spinal cord regeneration ability in the future.