Ocean acidification compromises recruitment success of the threatened Caribbean coral Acropora palmata
Ocean acidification compromises recruitment success of the threatened Caribbean coral Acropora palmata
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1007273107
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发表时间：
2010-11-23
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Langdon, Chris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Albright, Rebecca;Mason, Benjamin;Langdon, Chris
海洋酸化（OA）是指由于吸收大气中的CO2而导致的海洋pH值持续下降。越来越多的实验证据表明，OA将对各种海洋生物产生负面影响。虽然OA对成年珊瑚礁钙化的影响越来越有据可查，但对早期生活史阶段的影响却基本上未知。珊瑚的补充需要成功受精、幼虫定居以及定居后的生长和生存，这对珊瑚礁的持久性和复原力至关重要。为了确定OA是否威胁到造礁珊瑚的成功性招募，我们测试了受精，定居，在代表珊瑚产卵期间平均环境条件的pCO（2）水平下，（类似于400 mu atm）和预计在本世纪发生的pCO（2）增加范围[（类似于560 mu atm（中等CO2）和（类似于800 mu atm（高CO2）。受精、定居和生长都受到pCO（2）增加的负面影响，精子浓度较低时，受精受损加剧。OA对施肥和定居成功的累积影响是，预计在本世纪中期和末期，在pCO（2）条件下，珊瑚礁上的幼虫定居者数量分别减少52%和73%。另外下降39%（中CO2）和50%（高CO2），观察到在沉降后线性延伸率相对于控制。这些结果表明，OA有可能影响多个，连续的早期生活史阶段，从而严重影响性招聘和珊瑚礁从干扰中恢复的能力。
Ocean acidification (OA) refers to the ongoing decline in oceanic pH resulting from the uptake of atmospheric CO2. Mounting experimental evidence suggests that OA will have negative consequences for a variety of marine organisms. Whereas the effect of OA on the calcification of adult reef corals is increasingly well documented, effects on early life history stages are largely unknown. Coral recruitment, which necessitates successful fertilization, larval settlement, and postsettlement growth and survivorship, is critical to the persistence and resilience of coral reefs. To determine whether OA threatens successful sexual recruitment of reef-building corals, we tested fertilization, settlement, and postsettlement growth of Acropora palmata at pCO(2) levels that represent average ambient conditions during coral spawning (similar to 400 mu atm) and the range of pCO(2) increases that are expected to occur in this century [(similar to 560 mu atm (mid-CO2) and (similar to 800 mu atm (high-CO2)]. Fertilization, settlement, and growth were all negatively impacted by increasing pCO(2), and impairment of fertilization was exacerbated at lower sperm concentrations. The cumulative impact of OA on fertilization and settlement success is an estimated 52% and 73% reduction in the number of larval settlers on the reef under pCO(2) conditions projected for the middle and the end of this century, respectively. Additional declines of 39% (mid-CO2) and 50% (high-CO2) were observed in postsettlement linear extension rates relative to controls. These results suggest that OA has the potential to impact multiple, sequential early life history stages, thereby severely compromising sexual recruitment and the ability of coral reefs to recover from disturbance.