Dynamics of water fluxes and storages in an Alpine karst catchment under current and potential future climate conditions
Dynamics of water fluxes and storages in an Alpine karst catchment under current and potential future climate conditions
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当前和未来潜在气候条件下高山喀斯特流域水通量和储存的动态
DOI：
10.5194/hess-22-3807-2018
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
N. Goldscheider
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao Chen;A. Hartmann;Thorsten Wagener;N. Goldscheider
抽象的。岩溶含水层由于其独特的
水文地质特征未来的气候预测表明，
欧洲岩溶地区温度和降水状况的变化
在接下来的几十年里。高山喀斯特系统可能特别脆弱
在山区融雪以来水文气象条件变化下，
环境是含水层补给的重要控制过程，
对变化的气候条件非常敏感。本文介绍了第一个
气候变化对山区岩溶的潜在影响研究
系统通过使用组合的集总和分布式建模方法，
考虑地下岩溶排水结构。研究单位
特点是高渗透性（岩溶）石灰岩地层和低渗透性
（非喀斯特）沉积复理石。模型模拟
目前的情况表明，
渗入岩溶含水层作为自生补给。而且
结果表明，11月至次年4月地面积雪占主导地位，
岩溶含水层的地下水储量在5月至
十月气候情景运行表明，
显著影响水通量的时空分布，
（1）在所有情况下，
评估未来气候条件。(2)时空放电
图案强烈地受到温度变化的控制，这可以改变
季节性融雪模式，在寒冷的季节（12月至
4月）在所有变化情景下均大幅下降。(3)增加
岩溶含水层冬春季补给量大，夏季补给量减少
秋天，互相抵消。(4)对岩溶泉的影响主要有
明显的;最低的永久弹簧呈现出“强劲”的放电
行为，而最高的溢流出口对变化高度敏感，
气候这一分析有效地表明，
地下水流动力学由特征性的双流调节，
岩溶含水层的空间非均匀分布的排水结构。
总体而言，我们的研究突出了山区快速地下水动态
喀斯特集水区，这使得它们极易受到未来变化的影响
气候条件此外，这项工作提出了一个新的整体
模拟方法，可以转移到类似的岩溶系统，
研究气候变化对当地岩溶水资源的影响，
考虑到其各自的水文地质复杂性和水力
异质性
Abstract. Karst aquifers are difficult to manage due to their unique
hydrogeological characteristics. Future climate projections suggest a strong
change in temperature and precipitation regimes in European karst regions
over the next decades. Alpine karst systems can be especially vulnerable
under changing hydro-meteorological conditions since snowmelt in mountainous
environments is an important controlling process for aquifer recharge and is
highly sensitive to varying climatic conditions. Our paper presents the first
study to investigate potential impacts of climate change on mountainous karst
systems by using a combined lumped and distributed modeling approach with
consideration of subsurface karst drainage structures. The study site is
characterized by high-permeability (karstified) limestone formations and low-permeability
(non-karst) sedimentary Flysch. The model simulation under
current conditions demonstrates that a large proportion of precipitation
infiltrates into the karst aquifer as autogenic recharge. Moreover, the
result shows that surface snow storage is dominant from November to April,
while subsurface water storage in the karst aquifer dominates from May to
October. The climate scenario runs demonstrate that varied climate conditions
significantly affect the spatiotemporal distribution of water fluxes and
storages: (1) the total catchment discharge decreases under all
evaluated future climate conditions. (2) The spatiotemporal discharge
pattern is strongly controlled by temperature variations, which can shift the
seasonal snowmelt pattern, with snow storage in the cold season (December to
April) decreasing significantly under all change scenarios. (3) Increased
karst aquifer recharge in winter and spring, and decreased recharge in summer
and autumn, partly offset each other. (4) Impacts on the karst springs are
distinct; the lowest permanent spring presents a “robust” discharge
behavior, while the highest overflow outlet is highly sensitive to changing
climate. This analysis effectively demonstrates that the impacts on
subsurface flow dynamics are regulated by the characteristic dual flow and
spatially heterogeneous distributed drainage structure of the karst aquifer.
Overall, our study highlights the fast groundwater dynamics in mountainous
karst catchments, which make them highly vulnerable to future changing
climate conditions. Additionally, this work presents a novel holistic
modeling approach, which can be transferred to similar karst systems for
studying the impact of climate change on local karst water resources with
consideration of their individual hydrogeological complexity and hydraulic
heterogeneity.