The impact of extracellular vesicle-encapsulated circulating microRNAs in lung cancer research.
The impact of extracellular vesicle-encapsulated circulating microRNAs in lung cancer research.
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DOI：
10.1155/2014/486413
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Takeshita F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fujita Y;Kuwano K;Ochiya T;Takeshita F
肺癌是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。肺癌的生物标志物在其早期诊断、生存和治疗反应的临床应用中提出了很大的期望。microRNA（miRNAs）是一类内源性非编码短RNA，在细胞生长、分化和多种肿瘤的发生发展中起着重要作用。目前的研究表明，miRNA存在于细胞外空间，包装成各种膜结合囊泡。肿瘤特异性循环miRNA已被开发为肺癌的早期诊断生物标志物。值得注意的是，一些研究已经成功地发现了具有预后或预测意义的循环miRNA。细胞外囊泡（EV），如外泌体和微泡，被认为是细胞-细胞通讯的新工具和各种疾病的生物标志物。它们的囊泡组成和miRNA含量具有向受体细胞传递生物信息的能力，在癌症转移和预后中起重要作用。本文综述了目前肺癌患者循环miRNA作为诊断生物标志物的研究结果。我们还讨论了EV miRNA在细胞间通讯中的作用，并探讨了这些内容作为癌症恶性程度预测生物标志物的有效性。
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Biomarkers for lung cancer have raised great expectations in their clinical applications for early diagnosis, survival, and therapeutic responses. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a family of short endogenous noncoding RNAs, play critical roles in cell growth, differentiation, and the development of various types of cancers. Current studies have shown that miRNAs are present in the extracellular spaces, packaged into various membrane-bound vesicles. Tumor-specific circulating miRNAs have been developed as early diagnostic biomarkers for lung cancer. Remarkably, some studies have succeeded in discovering circulating miRNAs with prognostic or predictive significance. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, are recognized as novel tools for cell-cell communication and as biomarkers for various diseases. Their vesicle composition and miRNA content have the ability to transfer biological information to recipient cells and play an important role in cancer metastasis and prognosis. This review provides an in-depth summary of current findings on circulating miRNAs in lung cancer patients used as diagnostic biomarkers. We also discuss the role of EV miRNAs in cell-cell communication and explore the effectiveness of these contents as predictive biomarkers for cancer malignancy.