Is the scapula a good indicator of taxonomy?: A geometric morphometric analysis using macaque monkeys
Is the scapula a good indicator of taxonomy?: A geometric morphometric analysis using macaque monkeys
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肩胛骨是分类学的良好指标吗？：使用猕猴的几何形态测量分析
DOI：
10.1096/fasebj.2020.34.s1.05813
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
von Cramon-Taubadel, Noreen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kenyon-Flatt, Brittany;von Cramon-Taubadel, Noreen
在灵长类动物中，肩胛骨的形状通常被认为与运动模式相关，在树栖物种和陆生物种中观察到不同的形态。然而，属内形态学差异在多大程度上可能与分类学差异相关，而不是与趋同运动行为相关，仍有待检验。因此，我们检验了一个假设，即密切相关但行为不同的物种可能在肩胛骨形态上表现出与似是而非的猕猴中已知的系统发育关系相匹配的变异。本研究共采集标本230份，其中M.束状孢M. mulatta、M. fuscata，M. arctoides，M.辐射木M. nigra，M. nemestrina和M.和柯洛宾外群（冠状粗猴）。使用HDI结构光扫描仪对左肩胛骨进行3D扫描，并将5个标志和61个滑动半标志应用于扫描，以捕获整体形态。在Procrustes叠加后，进行典型变量分析（CVA），提取Procrustes坐标并用于判别函数分析（DFA）。CVA的结果显示，在短猴和猕猴之间以及在猕猴和猕猴之间存在着明显的差异。fuscata和M.辐射猴和所有其他猕猴。在交叉验证的DFA中，仅34.1%的个体被正确分类。外群粗猴的分类正确率为70%，M为70%。总体而言，在CVA中观察到的形态变异模式与系统发育史不符，因此提示环境因素可能以新的方式影响猕猴物种间的形态变异模式，尽管这一点仍有待验证。支持或资助信息本研究得到了美国国家科学基金会资助（NSF BCS‐1830745）、野外博物馆访问研究员奖学金、灵长类动物研究所合作研究基金、布法罗大学亚洲研究基金和马克·戴蒙德研究基金（SP‐18‐13）。
In primates, scapular shape is often thought to correlate to locomotor patterns with distinct morphologies observed in arboreal versus terrestrial species. However, the extent to which intra‐generic morphological differences might be related to taxonomic differences as opposed to convergent locomotor behaviors remains to be tested. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that closely related, but behaviorally distinct, species may exhibit variation in their scapular morphology that match known phylogenetic relationships among the specious macaque monkey. Our sample (n=230) represented nine species;M. fascicularis, M. mulatta, M. fuscata, M. arctoides, M. radiata, M. nigra, M. nemestrina,andM. sylvanusand a Colobine outgroup (Trachypithecus cristatus). 3D scans of the left scapula were taken using an HDI structured light scanner and 5 landmarks and 61 sliding semilandmarks were applied to the scans to capture overall form. Following Procrustes superimposition, Canonical Variates Analysis (CVA) was performed and Procrustes coordinates were extracted and used for a Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA). The results of the CVA showed clear differences betweenTrachypithecusand macaques, as well as betweenM. fuscataandM. radiataand all other macaques. In the cross‐validated DFA, only 34.1% of individuals were correctly classified. The outgroupTrachypithecusshowed a correct classification rate of 70%, as didM. nigraconsistent with relatively distinct morphology in this taxon. Overall, patterns of morphological variation observed in the CVA do not match phylogenetic history, therefore suggesting environmental factors might influence the pattern of morphological variation among macaque species in novel ways, though this remains to be tested.Support or Funding InformationThis research is supported by a National Science Foundation Grant (NSF BCS‐1830745), Field Museum Visiting Researcher Fellowship, Primate Research Institute Cooperative Research Grant, University at Buffalo Asian Studies Grant, and the Mark Diamond Research Fund (SP‐18‐13).