ON THE ECONOMICS AND BIOLOGY OF TRUST
ON THE ECONOMICS AND BIOLOGY OF TRUST
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DOI：
10.1162/jeea.2009.7.2-3.235
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发表时间：
2009-04-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
Fehr, Ernst
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Fehr, Ernst
近年来，许多社会科学家声称，信任在经济和社会交易中发挥着重要作用。尽管信任的重要性被提出，但信任的衡量和定义似乎还没有完全确定，而且事实证明，信任在经济互动中的确切作用难以确定。目前尚不清楚，信任是良好制度的附带现象，还是能够塑造重要总体经济结果的独立因果作用。在这篇文章中，我依赖于信任的行为定义，它使我们能够将信任与偏好和信念等经济原语联系起来。我回顾了强有力的生物学和行为学证据，这些证据表明，信任不仅是冒险的一种特殊情况，而且基于重要的社会偏好形式，如背叛厌恶。行为定义的信任也为理解国家和民族信任的差异打开了大门，从偏好和信仰的差异来看，它提出了检查和解释信任的因果作用的方法。(果冻：A13、C90、D10、O10)
In recent years, many social scientists have claimed that trust plays an important role in economic and social transactions. Despite its proposed importance, the measurement and the definition of trust seem to be not fully settled, and the identification of the exact role of trust in economic interactions has proven to be elusive. It is still not clear whether trust is just an epiphenomenon of good institutions or whether it plays an independent causal role capable of shaping important aggregate economic outcomes. In this paper, I rely on a behavioral definition of trust that enables us to relate it to economic primitives such as preferences and beliefs. I review strong biological and behavioral evidence indicating that trusting is not just a special case of risk-taking, but based on important forms of social preferences such as betrayal aversion. Behaviorally defined trust also opens the door for understanding national and ethnic trust differences in terms of differences in preferences and beliefs, and it suggests ways to examine and interpret a causal role of trust. (JEL: A13, C90, D10, O10)