Hallucinations, neuroplasticity, and prediction errors in schizophrenia.
Hallucinations, neuroplasticity, and prediction errors in schizophrenia.
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精神分裂症的幻觉、神经可塑性和预测错误。
DOI：
10.1111/sjop.12413
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Green,MichaelF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McCleery,Amanda;Wynn,JonathanK;Mathalon,DanielH;Roach,BrianJ;Green,MichaelF
幻听是精神病的标志性症状，大多数被诊断为精神分裂症的人在疾病的某个阶段都会经历幻听。幻听可以被理解为预测编码的失败，其中感觉/知觉处理的异常与有偏见的认知过程联合收割机相结合，导致正常预测错误信号的减弱。在这篇论文中，我们使用了一个流动的不匹配负波（MMN）范式来优化30名精神分裂症患者（n= 16，n = 14，最近没有幻听）和20名健康对照参与者的预测误差信号和短期神经可塑性的评估。近期幻觉组表现出异常的漫游MMN特征[F（2，27）= 3.98，p = 0.03]，显著降低的预测误差信号[t（28）=-2.25，p = 0.03]，以及短期神经可塑性降低的趋势[t（28）= 1.80，p = 0.08]。健康对照组和合并精神分裂症组之间在任何流动MMN指数上均无统计学显著差异。这些发现与精神分裂症幻觉的预测编码解释一致，该解释假定那些容易产生幻觉的人的预测错误信号减少。这些结果还表明，可塑性介导的预测编码模型的形成和在线更新也可能在最近出现幻觉的个体中被破坏。
Auditory hallucinations, a hallmark symptom of psychosis, are experienced by most people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia at some point in their illness. Auditory hallucinations can be understood as a failure in predictive coding, whereby abnormalities in sensory/perceptual processing combine with biased cognitive processes to result in a dampening of normal prediction error signaling. In this paper, we used a roving mismatch negativity (MMN) paradigm to optimize evaluation of prediction error signaling and short‐term neuroplasticity in 30 people with schizophrenia (n= 16 with andn= 14 without recent auditory hallucinations) and 20 healthy comparison participants. The recent hallucinations group exhibited an abnormal roving MMN profile [F(2,27) = 3.98,p= 0.03], significantly reduced prediction error signaling [t(28) = –2.25,p= 0.03], and a trend for diminished short‐term neuroplasticity [t(28) = 1.80,p= 0.08]. There were no statistically significant differences between the healthy comparison group and the combined schizophrenia group on any of the roving MMN indices. These findings are consistent with a predictive coding account of hallucinations in schizophrenia, which posits reduced prediction error signaling in those who are prone to hallucinations. These results also suggest that plasticity‐mediated formation and online updating of predictive coding models may also be disrupted in individuals with recent hallucinations.