Cancer and inflammation: promise for biologic therapy.
Cancer and inflammation: promise for biologic therapy.
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DOI：
10.1097/cji.0b013e3181d32e74
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发表时间：
2010-05
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lotze MT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Demaria S;Pikarsky E;Karin M;Coussens LM;Chen YC;El-Omar EM;Trinchieri G;Dubinett SM;Mao JT;Szabo E;Krieg A;Weiner GJ;Fox BA;Coukos G;Wang E;Abraham RT;Carbone M;Lotze MT
癌症通常在成人中作为炎症的终末期出现，但在儿童中则不然。因此，在肿瘤发展过程中，宿主免疫细胞之间存在复杂的相互作用，既有促进癌症的能力，也有限制或消除癌症的能力，最常见的是与宿主同谋。在人类中，定义炎症和肿瘤内或肿瘤周围炎性细胞的存在是现代病理学的一个关键方面。强烈建议定义肿瘤分期的小组评估并纳入细胞凋亡、自噬和坏死的存在以及免疫浸润的性质和质量的测量。环境和遗传因素都增加了吸烟的风险，H。幽门螺杆菌、B/C型肝炎、人乳头瘤病毒、太阳辐射、石棉、胰腺炎或其他慢性炎症原因。随着基因组测序变得更便宜，在其他免疫应答基因中识别细胞因子、细胞因子受体和Toll样受体中的合适遗传多态性也被视为高价值。动物模型不仅包括和评估遗传原基，还包括炎症细胞和微生物病原体[PAMP]和损伤相关分子模式分子[DAMP]的存在是必要的。鉴定参与调节对损伤或损伤的反应的微小RNA被认为是非常有前途的。尽管目前没有基于对炎症途径的了解来预防或治疗癌症的治疗策略被批准用于常见的上皮恶性肿瘤，但对靶向COX 2或PPARγ、丙酮酸乙酯以及类固醇和几种即将出现的新型药物仍然有很大的兴趣。
Cancers often arise as the end stage of inflammation in adults, but not in children. As such there is a complex interplay between host immune cells during neoplastic development, with both an ability to promote cancer as well as limit or eliminate it, most often complicit with the host. In humans, defining inflammation and the presence of inflammatory cells within or surrounding the tumor is a critical aspect of modern pathology. Groups defining staging for neoplasms are strongly encouraged to assess and incorporate measures of the presence of apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis as well as the nature and quality of the immune infiltrate. Both environmental as well as genetic factors enhance the risk of cigarette smoking, H. pylori, hepatitis B/C, human papilloma virus, solar irradiation, asbestos, pancreatitis, or other causes of chronic inflammation. Identifying suitable genetic polymorphisms in cytokines, cytokine receptors, and Toll-like receptors among other immune response genes is also seen as high value as genomic sequencing becomes less expensive. Animal models which incorporate and assess not only the genetic anlagen but also the inflammatory cells and the presence of microbial pathogen [PAMPs] and damage associated molecular pattern molecules [DAMPs] are necessary. Identifying micro-RNAs involved in regulating the response to damage or injury are seen as highly promising. Although no therapeutic strategies to prevent or treat cancers based on insights into inflammatory pathways are currently approved for the common epithelial malignancies, there remains substantial interest in agents targeting COX2 or PPARγ, ethyl pyruvate, as well as steroids and several novel agents on the horizon.